Evolution of human intelligence: The roles of brain size and mental construction
Evolution of human intelligence: The roles of brain size and mental construction
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DOI：
10.1159/000063730
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Gibson, KR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gibson, KR
两种相互竞争的哲学范式表征了人类思维进化的方法。人们假设动物和人类的行为能力之间存在连续性。另一种假设认为人类和动物在行为和心理方面存在重大的质量差距。本文提出了一个连续性模型，表明人类心理能力的扩大主要反映了扩大的人脑信息处理能力的增强，包括扩大的新皮质、小脑和基底神经节。这些增强的信息处理能力增强了人类组合和重组高度差异化的行为、感知和概念的能力，以便在包括语言、社交智能、工具制造和运动序列在内的各种行为领域构建更大、更复杂和高度可变的行为单元。环境输入，包括自身产生的输入，与心理构建能力相互作用，以确保发展中的人类获得物种典型和文化特定的行为模式。这种心理结构模型与我们目前对人类和非人类灵长类动物大脑之间的差异、人类大脑可塑性以及人类和黑猩猩之间最小遗传差异的理解是一致的。版权所有 (C) 2002 S，Karger AG，巴塞尔。
Two competing philosophical paradigms characterize approaches to the evolution of the human mind. One postulates continuity between animal and human behavioral capacities. The other assumes that humans and animals are separated by major qualitative behavioral and mental gaps. This paper presents a continuity model that suggests that expanded human mental capacities primarily reflect the increased information processing capacities of the enlarged human brain including the enlarged neocortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia. These increased information processing capacities enhance human abilities to combine and recombine highly differentiated actions, perceptions, and concepts in order to construct larger, more complex, and highly variable behavioral units in a variety of behavioral domains including language, social intelligence, tool-making, and motor sequences. Environmental input, including self-generated input, interacts with mental constructional capacities to assure that developing humans acquire species-typical and culturally-specific behavioral patterns. This mental constructional model is compatible with our current understanding of differences between human and non-human primate brains, of human brain plasticity, and of the minimal genetic differences between humans and chimpanzees. Copyright (C) 2002 S, Karger AG, Basel.