Inter-individual differences in working memory improvement after acute mild and moderate aerobic exercise
Inter-individual differences in working memory improvement after acute mild and moderate aerobic exercise
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0210053
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发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Y. Yamazaki;D. Sato;K. Yamashiro;A. Tsubaki;N. Takehara;Yoshihito Uetake;Saki Nakano;A. Maruyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Yamazaki;D. Sato;K. Yamashiro;A. Tsubaki;N. Takehara;Yoshihito Uetake;Saki Nakano;A. Maruyama
许多研究表明，有氧运动可以改善认知功能并保持大脑健康。特别是，中等强度的运动对于提高认知能力非常有效。然而，对于单次运动是否可以像抑制功能一样改善工作记忆（WM）功能，目前还没有达成强烈共识。这些差异可能涉及 WM 功能的个体差异。因此，我们研究了急性轻度和中度有氧运动是否可以改善WM，以及WM改善是否存在个体差异。招募了 30 名健康受试者并参与三种实验条件（对照、轻度强度运动和中等强度运动）。受试者在自行车测力计上进行 10 分钟的个人化负荷锻炼。他们的踩踏速度保持在 60 rpm。在控制条件下，受试者在自行车测力计上休息，而不是进行锻炼。进行 N-back 任务（2-back 和 0-back 任务）以评估 10 分钟锻炼之前、5 分钟和之后 15 分钟的 WM 功能。在这项研究中，为了阐明急性发作的轻度或中度运动对 WM 的影响，计算了“2-back-0-back”对比度，假设它代表 WM 功能。采用二维情绪量表来有效测量心理情绪状态的变化。结果显示，急性轻度或中度运动并不能改善工作记忆功能。然而，基线工作记忆功能与运动后工作记忆功能的任何变化显着相关，并且与运动强度无关。基线时工作记忆功能最低的受试者反应最积极。结果显示，单次有氧运动后工作记忆功能的改善取决于基线工作记忆功能。
Many studies have shown that aerobic exercise improves cognitive function and maintains brain health. In particular, moderate-intensity exercise is effective for improving cognitive performance. However, there is no strong consensus on whether a single exercise session improves working memory (WM) function, as it does inhibitory function. It is possible that these discrepancies involve inter-individual differences in WM function. Therefore, we investigated whether acute mild and moderate aerobic exercise improve WM, and whether there exist inter-individual differences in improvements in WM. Thirty healthy subjects were recruited and participated in three experimental conditions (control, mild-intensity exercise, and moderate-intensity exercise). Subjects performed 10 min of exercise on a cycle ergometer with an individualized load. Their pedaling rate was maintained at 60 rpm. In the control condition, subjects rested on the cycle ergometer instead of performing exercise. The N-back task (2-back and 0-back task) was performed to assess WM function before, 5 min, and 15 min after the 10-min exercise session. In this study, to elucidate the effect of an acute bout of mild or moderate exercise on WM, the “2-back– 0-back” contrast, which is assumed to represent WM function, was calculated. The Two-Dimensional Mood Scale was adopted to measure changes in psychological mood states efficiently. The results revealed that working memory function was not improved by acute mild or moderate exercise. However, baseline working memory function was significantly associated with any change in working memory function following exercise, and this was independent of exercise intensity. Subjects with the lowest working memory function at baseline responded the most favorably. The results revealed that improvements in working memory function after a single session of aerobic exercise depend on baseline working memory function.