Re-established mutualism in a seed-dispersal system consisting of native and introduced birds and plants on the Bonin Islands, Japan
Re-established mutualism in a seed-dispersal system consisting of native and introduced birds and plants on the Bonin Islands, Japan
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DOI：
10.1007/s11284-008-0543-8
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发表时间：
2009-07-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Higuchi, Hiroyoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kawakami, Kazuto;Mizusawa, Leiko;Higuchi, Hiroyoshi
植物-动物相互作用的中断，如种子传播，是生物入侵最重要的影响之一。为了了解引进的物种在目前的种子传播系统中的作用，我们进行了粪便分析的小笠原群岛，日本最常见的居民陆地鸟类，并估计其相对重要性的种子传播代理。两种本地鸟类，褐耳白头翁和小笠原群岛绣眼鸟，以及引进的日本绣眼鸟是次生林的主要种子传播者。由于本地和引进的绣眼鸟粪便中的种子种类组成相似，后者可能取代前者作为种子传播剂。引进的植物并没有减少种子传播的机会，为本地物种通过竞争种子传播。由于博宁群岛上的一些鸟类已经灭绝，它们的生态功能也可能永久丧失;然而，引入的白眼鸟可能正在弥补这种功能的丧失。此外，已经建立了涉及本地和引进的鸟类和植物的新的互利关系。为了控制引进的物种，同时对本地生物区系的影响最小，种间的相互作用必须彻底了解，然后才开始控制工作。
The disruption of plant-animal interactions such as seed dispersal is one of the most critical effects of biological invasions. To understand the role of introduced species in current seed-dispersal systems, we conducted fecal analyses of the most common resident land birds on the Bonin Islands, Japan, and estimated their relative importance as seed-dispersal agents. Two native birds, the brown-eared bulbul and the Bonin Islands white-eye, and the introduced Japanese white-eye were the primary seed dispersers in secondary forest sites. Because the seed species composition in the feces of native and introduced white-eyes was similar, the latter may be replacing the former as a seed-dispersal agent. Introduced plants did not decrease the number of seed-dispersal opportunities for native species through competition for seed dispersers. Because some bird species have already become extinct on the Bonin Islands, their ecological functions may also have been permanently lost; however, the introduced white-eye may be compensating for this loss of function. In addition, new mutualistic relationships involving native and introduced birds and plants have already been established. In order to control introduced species while having the least impact on the native biota, interspecific interactions must be thoroughly understood before initiating control efforts.