Distance-decay pattern and spatial differentiation of expressway flow: An empirical study using data of expressway toll station in Fujian Province
Distance-decay pattern and spatial differentiation of expressway flow: An empirical study using data of expressway toll station in Fujian Province
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发表时间：
2018
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通讯作者：
Jin Fengjun;Yang Yu;Wen Wang
中科院分区：
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作者：
Jin Fengjun;Yang Yu;Wen Wang
距离衰减规律作为地理学的基本规律，对空间秩序的形成和演化具有重要意义。利用2016年10月福建省高速公路收费站数据，识别出以县域为基本单元的高速公路流量起讫点矩阵。采用累积比例曲线法、频谱分析法和零模型等方法，对高速公路流量的距离衰减效应进行了省级和县级尺度的模拟。结合空间分析和相关分析，探讨了高速公路交通流的空间分异特征和距离衰减效应。结果表明：（1）高速公路流量主要集中在0~200 km、0~200 min路段，符合公路运输经济半径和交通流时空断裂特征。(2)高速公路流量在省域尺度上随着距离的增加有明显的减少趋势。当使用道路距离和幂律衰减函数时，距离衰减系数为2.674，显著高于常规值2。(3)各县市高速公路流量的距离衰减率呈明显的带状分布，与高速公路流量的空间分布有较好的对应关系。(4)距离衰减规律不仅影响空间秩序的演化，而且受空间秩序演化的影响，内生于社会经济活动的空间格局。在一定条件下，社会经济空间联系的强度会随着节点规模、人口、经济密度的增加以及区位条件的优化而形成一个自加速的反馈过程。
: As the basic law of geography, the law of distance-decay is of great significance to the formation and evolution of spatial order. Using the data of Fujian expressway toll stations in October 2016, an expressway flow origin- destination matrix was identified with county areas as the basic unit. Cumulative proportion curve, spectrum analysis, and null model were used to simulate the distance-decay effect of expressway flow on the provincial and county scales. Then, combining spatial analysis and correlation analysis, the spatial differentiation characteristics and the distance-decay effect of expressway flow were discussed. The results show that: (1) The expressway flow is mainly concentrated in the 0~200 km and 0~200 min sections, which is in line with the economic radius of road transportation and the temporal and spatial fracture characteristics of traffic flow. (2) The expressway flow has a significant decreasing tendency on the provincial scale with the increase of distance. When using the road distance and power-law decay function, the distance decay coefficient is 2.674, which is significantly higher than the conventional value of 2. (3) The distance-decay rates of the expressway flow in different counties show a clear zonal pattern, corresponding well with the spatial distribution of expressway flow. (4) The law of distance-decay not only influences the evolution of spatial order, but also is influenced by the evolution of spatial order, and it is endogenous to the spatial patterns of socioeconomic activities. Under certain conditions, the strength of socioeconomic spatial connections will form a self accelerating feedback process with the increase of node size, population, and economic density, and the optimization of location conditions.