Generation IV nuclear reactors: Current status and future prospects
Generation IV nuclear reactors: Current status and future prospects
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enpol.2013.06.101
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
Todeschini, Nicola
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Locatelli, Giorgio;Mancini, Mauro;Todeschini, Nicola
第四代核电厂（GEN IV NPPs）被认为是许多国家中长期（2030-2050年）基本负荷电力的重要来源。如今，这些核电站有许多设计，但由于政治、战略和经济原因，只有少数几个将被部署。国际文献提出了许多关于第四代核电厂的论文和报告，但在信息的类型和结构方面存在明显差异，缺乏一般性的公正概述。本文填补了这一差距，介绍了第四代核电站技术（甚高温气冷堆、超导气冷堆、超临界水反应堆、冷却水反应堆、低反应堆和最大反应堆）的最新技术，对不同的设计进行了全面的文献综述，讨论了主要的研发挑战，并将其与中长期能源市场可用的其他先进技术进行了比较。这项研究的结果表明，第四代技术的可能应用范围比目前的核电站更广。一些第四代核电厂的经济性与实际核电厂相似，但化石燃料发电厂的“碳成本”将增加相对估值。然而，第四代核电厂仍然需要大量的研发工作，阻止了短期的商业应用。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Generation IV nuclear power plants (GEN IV NPPs) are supposed to become, in many countries, an important source of base load power in the middle-long term (2030-2050). Nowadays there are many designs of these NPPs but for political, strategic and economic reasons only few of them will be deployed. International literature proposes many papers and reports dealing with GEN IV NPPs, but there is an evident difference in the types and structures of the information and a general unbiased overview is missing. This paper fills the gap, presenting the state-of-the-art for GEN IV NPPs technologies (VHTR, SFR, SCWR, GFR, LFR and MSR) providing a comprehensive literature review of the different designs, discussing the major R&D challenges and comparing them with other advanced technologies available for the middle- and long-term energy market. The result of this research shows that the possible applications for GEN IV technologies are wider than current NPPs. The economics of some GEN IV NPPs is similar to actual NPPs but the "carbon cost" for fossil-fired power plants would increase the relative valuation. However, GEN IV NPPs still require substantial R&D effort, preventing short-term commercial adoption. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.