Unique landslides (loess slide-flows) induced by an extreme rainstorm in 2018 on the Loess Plateau: A new geological hazard and erosion process
Unique landslides (loess slide-flows) induced by an extreme rainstorm in 2018 on the Loess Plateau: A new geological hazard and erosion process
复制标题
2018年黄土高原特大暴雨引发的独特滑坡（黄土滑流）：一种新的地质灾害与侵蚀过程
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijsrc.2022.07.009
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Luo Jia-Wei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo Li;Guo Wen-Zhao;Tian Pei （田培）;Liu Yi-li;Wang Shao-Kun;Luo Jia-Wei
目前，中国黄土高原大部分地区植被恢复良好，水土流失明显减少。然而，2018年7月的强降雨事件引发了许多独特类型的黄土滑坡（即，黄土高原南小河沟流域沟坡植被恢复的研究。这次降雨过程不寻常，是一次持续性强降雨。6月24日至7月10日的累积雨量为232.2毫米，占全年平均雨量的42%。黄土滑流的特征是滑流和流两种运动形式的结合。黄土滑坡首先在沟坡上滑动，然后变成长距离的泥石流，向下游移动，将大量的泥沙输送到河流中。滑坡侵蚀速率平均为110.8-134.9kg/m2。这些黄土滑流一般不是单独发生的，而是成组发生的，具有数量多、密度大、规模小、深度浅的特点。植被特征和土壤特征的变化对滑坡的规模有显著影响。高覆盖度的草地对浅层滑坡的发生有不利影响。植物的不利水文效应可能抵消弱根加固。黄土滑坡已成为黄土高原一种新的地质灾害和侵蚀过程。黄土滑坡是植被恢复后的一个突出生态环境问题，应引起人们的高度重视。
Currently, the vegetation has recovered well in most areas of the Loess Plateau in China, and soil erosion has significantly decreased. However, the heavy rainfall event in July 2018 triggered many instances of a unique type of loess landslides (i.e., slide-flows) on the gully-slopes with vegetation recovery in the Nanxiaohegou Basin on the Loess Plateau. This rainfall event was unusual and was a persistent heavy rainfall. The accumulated rainfall from 24 June to 10 July was 232.2 mm, which comprised 42% of the mean annual rainfall. A loess slide-flow is characterized by combining two movement types of the slide and flow. The loess slide-flows first slide on the gully-slopes and then turn into long run-out earthflows moving downstream, delivering vast amounts of sediment to the river. The average landslide erosion rates were 110.8–134.9 kg/m 2 . These loess slide-flows generally did not occur individually but in groups, which were characterized by large numbers, high density, small scale, and shallow depth. The changes of vegetation characteristics and soil characteristics both had a significant impact on the scale of the landslides. Grass with high coverage had an adverse effect on the occurrence of shallow landslides. The adverse hydrological effects of the plant may offset the weak root reinforcement. Loess slide-flows have become a new geological hazard and erosion process on the Loess Plateau. Loess slide-flows are a prominent ecological and environmental problem after vegetation restoration, and more attention should be paid to loess slide-flows in the future.