Faunal trophic structure at hydrothermal vents on the southern Mohn's Ridge, Arctic Ocean
Faunal trophic structure at hydrothermal vents on the southern Mohn's Ridge, Arctic Ocean
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北冰洋莫恩海脊南部热液喷口的动物营养结构
DOI：
10.3354/meps10050
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
C. Schander
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Sweetman;L. Levin;H. Rapp;C. Schander
我们研究了异养动物群的营养生态学，这些异养动物群与一个高温（HT）喷口、2个低温喷口、一个“近高温喷口”栖息地和一个位于北冰洋南部莫恩脊（Mohn’s Ridge）上部深海的非高温喷口有关。在高温喷口生境中只发现了一个腹足类（Pseudosetia griegi）。它们的平均δ 13 C值明显轻于同一喷口内低温喷口生境的同种动物，反映了硫化物氧化菌的加入。大多数来自低温、近高温和非喷口生境的动物群具有表明光合物质同化的同位素特征。然而，我们在这里取样的动物群中发现了显著不同的同位素组成，每个地点的一小部分动物群具有C和N同位素特征，表明化学合成生产的结合。此外，当比较相同样品中相似分类群的同位素特征时，δ 13c特征表明，在相对较小的空间尺度上，在Mohn’s Ridge南部的喷口栖息地可能存在高度的营养复杂性。光合作用食物物质对动物性饮食的高贡献和食物类型的变化可能是由于深海上部喷口的深度和喷口的沉积性质。我们假设，活跃的深海喷口的上层深度可能导致铁增强表面光合作用的产生，特别是在高营养区域，最终下沉到海底，在那里它被喷口周围的动物群所吸收。
We explore the trophic ecology of heterotrophic fauna associated with a high temper- ature (HT) vent, 2 low temperature vents, a 'near-HT vent' habitat and a non-vent site situated at upper bathyal depths on the southern Mohn's Ridge in the Arctic Ocean. Only a single taxon (the gastropod Pseudosetia griegi ) was found at the high temperature vent habitat. Their mean δ 13 C values were significantly lighter than conspecifics from a low temperature vent habitat within the same vent field, reflecting the incorporation of sulfide oxidizing bacteria into the biomass of the animals. The majority of fauna from the low temperature, near-HT, and non-vent habitats had isotopic signatures indicative of assimilation of photosynthetic material. However, we found remarkably diverse isotopic compositions among the fauna sampled here, with a small sub-set of fauna at each site possessing C and N isotopic signatures indicative of incorporation of chemo - synthetic production. Moreover, when isotopic signatures of similar taxa were compared from the same sample, δ 13 C signatures suggested a high degree of trophic complexity can exist over rela- tively small spatial scales at vent habitats on the southern Mohn's Ridge. The high contribution of photosynthetic food material to faunal diets and variability in food types may result from the upper bathyal venting depth and sedimentary nature of the vents. We hypothesize that the upper bathyal depth of active venting may lead to iron enhancement of surface photosynthetic produc- tion, especially in high nutrient areas, which ultimately sinks to the seabed where it is incorpo- rated by fauna around the vents.