Non-detection of C-60 fullerene at two mass extinction horizons
Non-detection of C-60 fullerene at two mass extinction horizons
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gca.2015.12.017
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发表时间：
2016-03
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
A. Carrasquillo;Changqun Cao;D. Erwin;R. Summons
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Carrasquillo;Changqun Cao;D. Erwin;R. Summons
据报告，在一些地质样本中发现了富勒烯（C60），在某些情况下，富勒烯是由火流星撞击事件中释放的碳质物质造成的。C60的提取和检测带来了重大的分析挑战，一些研究由于C60原位形成的可能性而受到质疑。在这里，我们提取的样品取自二叠-三叠系界线在眉山，中国南方和暴露在Stevns Klint，丹麦的古近系界线，并分析了残留物使用一种快速和可靠的方法来量化C60。在先前产生C60的条件下以及使用基于最近文献报告的优化方法完成了全岩和完全脱矿样品的提取。这些提取物进行了分析，使用质谱与软电离技术，大气压化学电离（APCI）和电喷雾电离（ESI），这还没有被证明形成富勒烯原位。在任何情况下，我们都无法检测到C60，也不能证实以前的报告，其发生在这些沉积物中，从而挑战的效用富勒烯作为一个代理的火流星的影响或大规模灭绝事件。
Fullerene (C60) have been reported in a number of geologic samples and, in some cases, attributed to carbonaceous materials delivered during bolide impact events. The extraction and detection of C60poses significant analytical challenges, and some studies have been called into question due to the possibility of C60formingin situ. Here, we extracted samples taken from the Permian–Triassic boundary section in Meishan, South China and the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary exposed at Stevns Klint, Denmark, and analyzed the residues using a fast and reliable method for quantifying C60. Extraction of both whole rock and completely demineralized samples were completed under conditions that previously yielded C60as well as using an optimized approach based on recent literature reports. These extracts were analyzed using mass spectrometry with the soft-ionization techniques, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray ionization (ESI), which have not been shown to form fullerenesin-situ. In no case were we able to detect C60, nor could we corroborate previous reports of its occurrence in these sediments, thereby challenging the utility of fullerene as a proxy for bolide impacts or mass extinction events.