NICKEL HYPERSENSITIVITY IN THE ORTHODONTIC PATIENT
NICKEL HYPERSENSITIVITY IN THE ORTHODONTIC PATIENT
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DOI：
10.1016/0889-5406(93)70009-d
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发表时间：
1993-03-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
CISNEROS, GJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BASS, JK;FINE, H;CISNEROS, GJ
镍是引起过敏性接触性皮炎的最常见原因之一，产生的过敏反应比所有其他金属加起来还多。目前，几个品牌的正畸钢丝都是由镍钛合金制成的，可能含有足够高的镍含量，从而在口腔中引发过敏反应，本研究的目的是(1)确定标准的正畸治疗是否可以使患者对镍敏感，(2)评估治疗前镍敏感患者对含镍正畸器具的牙龈反应。进行镍敏感斑贴试验以确认对镍的超敏反应。来自阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦/蒙特菲奥里医学中心正畸科的29名患者接受了测试，年龄从12岁到48岁不等。29例患者中，女性18例，男性11例。镍斑贴试验阳性者5例，占18.5%。检测呈阳性的5名患者均为女性，这意味着女性的总体发病率为27.7%(5：18)。对五名对镍敏感的女性患者每月进行口腔内照片、牙龈和菌斑指数评分。其余的患者开始常规的正畸治疗，并在治疗3个月后重新测试，看看是否发生了致敏反应。两名患者从最初的阴性斑贴试验转为阳性试验。长期接触含镍器具可能会使患者对镍敏感，就像常规正畸治疗中发生的那样。
Nickel is one of the most common causes of allergic contact dermatitis and produces more allergic reactions than all other metals combined. Currently, several brands of orthodontic wires are made of nickel titanium alloy and potentially have a high enough nickel content to provoke manifestations of allergic reactions in the oral cavity, The objectives of this study were (1) to determine if standard orthodontic therapy can sensitize patients to nickel, and (2) to assess gingival response to nickel-containing orthodontic appliances in patients who are nickel sensitive before treatment. Nickel sensitivity patch tests were conducted to confirm hypersensitivity to nickel. Twenty-nine patients from the Division of Orthodontics, Albert Einstein/Montefiore Medical Center were tested, ranging in age from 12 to 48 years. Of the 29 patients, there were 18 female and 11 males. Five of the patients had a positive nickel patch test, a rate of 18.5%. The five patients that tested positive were all female, meaning that the overall rate for females was 27.7% (5:18). The five female patients sensitive to nickel were followed monthly by intraoral photos and gingival and plaque index scores. The remaining patients began routine orthodontic therapy and were retested 3 months into treatment to see whether sensitization occurred. Two patients converted from an initial negative patch test to a positive test. There may be a risk of sensitizing patients to nickel with long-term exposure to nickel-containing appliances as occurs in routine orthodontic therapy.