Vortex structures in dilute quantum fluids
Vortex structures in dilute quantum fluids
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稀量子流体中的涡旋结构
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. S. Adams
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Winiecki;J. McCann;C. S. Adams
使用与时间无关的 Gross-Pitaevskii 方程研究稀量子流体中的涡旋结构。确定了多循环涡环的速度和动量并分析了其核心结构。对于围绕球形物体的流动，我们研究了环绕环和固定环解，并确定了可穿透和不可穿透物体的激发能作为速度的函数。环流和层流解以临界速度收敛，该速度随着物体尺寸的增加而减小。我们还研究了与流过表面凸块的流动相关的涡流解，这表明表面粗糙度也会降低临界速度。这种效应可能对超流体和超导体的耗散阈值产生重要影响。
Vortex structures in dilute quantum fluids are studied using the time-independent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The velocity and momentum of vortex rings with multiple circulation are determined and their core structures analysed. For flow around a spherical object, we study the encircling and pinned ring solutions, and determine their excitation energies as a function of velocity for both penetrable and impenetrable objects. The ring and laminar flow solutions converge at a critical velocity, which decreases with increasing object size. We also study the vortex solutions associated with flow past a surface bump which indicate that surface roughness also reduces the critical velocity. This effect may have important implications for the threshold of dissipation in superfluids and superconductors.