Effects of surface mining on aquatic resources in North America
Effects of surface mining on aquatic resources in North America
复制标题
露天采矿对北美水生资源的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Gasper
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Starnes;D. Gasper
露天采矿是非常明显的土地使用，因为它暂时消除了地表植被，并可能永久改变地形，就像山顶清除和山谷填充作业一样。它还永久地、剧烈地改变土壤和地下地质结构，扰乱地表和地下水文系统。美国渔业协会（AFS）鼓励节约能源，使用可再生资源和回收利用，以尽量减少对通过采矿过程获得的不可再生矿物和燃料的需求。当采矿发生时，AFS的政策是鼓励地方、州、省和联邦政府对所有地表采矿进行立法和认真监管，为水生资源提供充分的保护。联邦立法规定了全国统一的标准。虽然《地表采矿控制和复垦法》试图尽量减少煤炭开采对环境的影响，但应鼓励对其他矿物采取类似的立法和执法行动。该协会鼓励其成员参与这一进程，向决策者提供保护和持续繁殖渔业资源所必需的技术信息，以便在科学而不是感情或政治基础上作出决定。
Surface mining is highly visible land use because it temporarily eliminates surface vegetation and can permanently change topography as with mountain-top removal and valley fill operations. It also permanently and drastically alters soil and subsurface geologic structure and disrupts surface and subsurface hydrologic regimes. The American Fisheries Society (AFS) encourages energy conservation, use of renewable resources, and recycling to minimize the need for non-renewable minerals and fuels that are obtained through mining processes. When mining occurs, it is AFS policy to encourage legislation and diligent regulation of all surface mining by local, state, province, and federal government to provide adequate protection for aquatic resources. Federal legislation provides uniformity of standards nationwide. While the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act has attempted to minimize environmental impacts from coal mining, similar legislation and enforcement should be encourages for other minerals. The Society encourages its members to become involved in this process by providing technical information essential for protection and continued propagation of fishery resources to policy makers so decisions are made on a scientific, rather than emotional or political basis.