Well-being outcomes of marine protected areas
Well-being outcomes of marine protected areas
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DOI：
10.1038/s41893-019-0306-2
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
27.6
通讯作者：
Breslow, Sara Jo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ban, Natalie C.;Gurney, Georgina Grace;Breslow, Sara Jo
海洋保护区被认为是同时保护海洋生物多样性和支持沿海生计的一项关键战略，但由于多种原因，其实施可能具有挑战性，包括对人类福祉的负面影响。我们综合了 118 篇同行评审文章的研究，这些文章分析了与海洋保护区相关的人类结果，发现记录在案的福祉结果中有一半是积极的，约三分之一是消极的。禁止捕捞、执行良好的老海洋保护区对人类福祉产生了积极的影响，这与生态研究的大多数结果一致。具有单一区域的海洋保护区比具有多个区域的区域对人类福祉具有更积极的影响。大多数研究侧重于福祉的经济和治理方面，而对社会、健康和文化领域的研究不足。福祉成果源自海洋保护区治理过程或管理行动的直接影响，以及生态系统变化带来的间接影响。我们的研究结果表明，通过海洋保护区可以改善人类福祉和生物多样性保护，但负面影响通常与效益同时发生。
Marine protected areas are advocated as a key strategy for simultaneously protecting marine biodiversity and supporting coastal livelihoods, but their implementation can be challenging for numerous reasons, including perceived negative effects on human well-being. We synthesized research from 118 peer-reviewed articles that analyse outcomes related to marine protected areas on people, and found that half of documented well-being outcomes were positive and about one-third were negative. No-take, well-enforced and old marine protected areas had positive human well-being outcomes, which aligns with most findings from ecological studies. Marine protected areas with single zones had more positive effects on human well-being than areas with multiple zones. Most studies focused on economic and governance aspects of well-being, leaving social, health and cultural domains understudied. Well-being outcomes arose from direct effects of marine protected area governance processes or management actions and from indirect effects mediated by changes in the ecosystem. Our findings illustrate that both human well-being and biodiversity conservation can be improved through marine protected areas, yet negative impacts commonly co-occur with benefits.