Pupil size signals novelty and predicts later retrieval success for declarative memories of natural scenes
Pupil size signals novelty and predicts later retrieval success for declarative memories of natural scenes
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DOI：
10.1167/13.2.11
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Einhaeuser, Wolfgang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naber, Marnix;Fraessle, Stefan;Einhaeuser, Wolfgang
对个人经历的陈述性记忆是将自己定义为个体的关键因素，当这种能力受损时，这一点变得尤为明显。评估人类陈述性记忆的生理机制通常仅限于具有特定病变的患者，并且需要侵入性脑通路或功能成像。我们研究了瞳孔，一个可访问的生理措施，是否可以用来探测复杂的自然视觉场景的记忆。在记忆编码过程中，与后来被遗忘的场景相比，后来被记住的场景引起了更强烈的瞳孔收缩。因此，瞳孔的大小预示着记忆形成的成功或失败。相比之下，新的场景引起更强的瞳孔收缩比熟悉的场景在检索。当观看先前记忆的场景时，那些被遗忘的场景（被错误地判断为新奇的场景）仍然比那些被正确地判断为熟悉的场景引起更强烈的瞳孔收缩。此外，瞳孔收缩的影响更强烈，如果图像判断具有高的信心。因此，我们建议瞳孔收缩可以作为一个标志的新奇性。由于刺激的新奇性调节记忆形成的功效，我们在学习过程中的瞳孔测量表明，后来被遗忘的图像被认为不如后来记住的图片新颖。两者合计，我们的数据提供的证据表明，瞳孔收缩是一个神经新奇信号的生理相关的形成和检索的陈述性记忆的复杂，自然的场景。
Declarative memories of personal experiences are a key factor in defining oneself as an individual, which becomes particularly evident when this capability is impaired. Assessing the physiological mechanisms of human declarative memory is typically restricted to patients with specific lesions and requires invasive brain access or functional imaging. We investigated whether the pupil, an accessible physiological measure, can be utilized to probe memories for complex natural visual scenes. During memory encoding, scenes that were later remembered elicited a stronger pupil constriction compared to scenes that were later forgotten. Thus, pupil size predicts success or failure of memory formation. In contrast, novel scenes elicited stronger pupil constriction than familiar scenes during retrieval. When viewing previously memorized scenes, those that were forgotten (misjudged as novel) still elicited stronger pupil constrictions than those correctly judged as familiar. Furthermore, pupil constriction was influenced more strongly if images were judged with high confidence. Thus, we propose that pupil constriction can serve as a marker of novelty. Since stimulus novelty modulates the efficacy of memory formation, our pupil measurements during learning indicate that the later forgotten images were perceived as less novel than the later remembered pictures. Taken together, our data provide evidence that pupil constriction is a physiological correlate of a neural novelty signal during formation and retrieval of declarative memories for complex, natural scenes.