Muscle strength and mass of lower extremities in relation to functional abilities in elderly adults
Muscle strength and mass of lower extremities in relation to functional abilities in elderly adults
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DOI：
10.1159/000022168
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Carmeli, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carmeli, E;Reznick, AZ;Carmeli, V
背景：随着年龄的增长，机能和生理功能的衰退可能是体力活动减少的重要限制因素。衰老的骨骼减少，作为一种正常的过程或疾病，不能完全解释老年人体力活动减少的原因。目的：本研究的目的是探讨老年人肌肉丧失与功能能力下降的关系，并确定运动计划是否能改善功能表现和肌肉质量。方法：对28名常住护理人员(男12人，女16人，年龄82.7+/-2.4岁)进行人体测量和感觉运动测试。29名老年人(79.3+/-3.5岁)作为对照组，不锻炼。人体测量包括：体重、身高、体脂和大腿围。肌力测试采用医学等速系统。我们评估了两种感觉运动功能，包括“定时起跳”测试和3分钟距离步行测试。制度化的参与者接受了为期12周的锻炼训练计划。结果：运动训练对男性和女性的股围、体重和体脂百分比均无显著影响。在相对年轻的人群(79-83岁)中，82%的人在60度的缓慢自主收缩下肌力有改善(p<；0.05)。训练后的结果显示，在两项感觉运动测试中的成绩都有显著提高(p<；0.05)。肌力与功能能力的相关系数较弱，男、女分别为r=0.60和r=0.57。结论：这项研究证实了锻炼计划对老年人功能表现的积极影响。功能能力的改善与肌肉力量、体重或身体脂肪无关。版权所有(C)2000 S.Karger AG。巴塞尔。
Background: Functional and physiological declines in advancing age may be significant limiting factors in reduced physical activity. Sarcopenia of aging, as a normative process or disease, cannot entirely explain reduced physical activity in the elderly. Objective:The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between muscle loss and reduction in functional abilities in elderly adults and also to determine whether an exercise program can improve functional performance and muscle quality. Methods: Anthropometric measurements and sensorimotor testing were conducted on 28 volunteers (12 men and 16 women, 82.7 +/- 2.4 years of age) who were permanent residents in a skilled nursing facility. Twenty-nine elderly adults (79.3 +/- 3.5 years of age) served as a control, nonexercising group. Anthropometric measurements included: weight, height, body fat, and thigh circumference. The muscle strength was tested with a medical isokinetic system. We assessed two sensorimotor functions including a 'timed up-andgo' test and a 3-min distance walking test. The institutionalized participants undertook an exercise training program lasting 12 weeks. Results: No significant changes were observed in thigh circumference, body weight, or percentage of body fat in either gender as a result of the exercise training. An improvement in muscle strength was noticed in 82% of the relatively younger group (79-83 years of age) under a slow voluntary contraction at 60 degrees/s (p < 0.05). Post-training results showed a significant improvement in performance in the two sensorimotor tests (p < 0.05). The correlation coefficients between muscle strength and functional ability were weak: r = 0.60 and r = 0.57 for males and females, respectively. Conclusions: This study confirmed the positive effects of an exercise program on functional performance in older adults. The improvement in functional abilities did not correlate with muscle strength, body weight, or body fat. Copyright (C) 2000 S. Karger AG. Basel.