Relationships among linguistic processing speed, phonological working memory, and attention in children who stutter
Relationships among linguistic processing speed, phonological working memory, and attention in children who stutter
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jfludis.2010.04.003
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Wagovich, Stacy A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, Julie D.;Wagovich, Stacy A.
最近，出现了一些关于口吃儿童语言加工速度的实验研究，其中一些研究表明，口吃儿童与非口吃儿童在语言加工速度上存在差异。目前还不清楚的是，潜在的认知技能在多大程度上会影响语言表现的时间任务的表现。本研究的目的是探索语言加工速度的测量与认知的两个方面：语音工作记忆和注意力之间的可能关系。被试为9名CWS和14名CWN，年龄分别为3岁、6岁和5岁；2.儿童参与了计算机化的图片命名任务(语言加工速度的指标)和非单词重复任务(语音工作记忆的指标)。父母完成了一份气质行为问卷，从中收集了有关孩子注意力技能的信息。研究结果表明，两组在图片命名或注意速度上没有差异；然而，CWS在非单词重复方面的表现明显差于其他组。此外，在剔除年龄的影响后，(A)仅对于CWS，图片命名速度与非单词重复之间存在显著的负相关；(B)对于任何一组而言，注意方面与图片命名速度之间都没有显著的关系；(C)只有CWNS显示了非单词重复与集中注意技能之间的显著关系。这些结果强调了在考察口吃儿童和口吃儿童的任务表现时，有必要考虑与词汇相关的语言产生方面的潜在技能。教育目标：读者将能够：(A)总结以往关于口吃儿童(口吃儿童和口吃儿童)的言语和语言表现的研究结果；(B)描述口吃儿童非单词重复和注意的研究结果；(C)将本研究的结果与以前在这一领域的工作进行比较；以及(D)讨论关于口吃儿童和口吃儿童的语言加工速度、语音工作记忆和注意力之间关系的推测。(C)2010 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Relatively recently, experimental studies of linguistic processing speed in children who stutter (CWS) have emerged, some of which suggest differences in performance among CWS compared to children who do not stutter (CWNS). What is not yet well understood is the extent to which underlying cognitive skills may impact performance on timed tasks of linguistic performance. The purpose of this study was to explore possible relationships between measures of linguistic processing speed and two aspects of cognition: phonological working memory and attention. Participants were 9 CWS and 14 CWNS between the ages of 3;6 and 5;2. Children participated in a computerized picture naming task (an index of linguistic processing speed) and a nonword repetition task (an index of phonological working memory). Parents completed a temperament behavior questionnaire, from which information about the children's attentional skills was collected. Findings revealed that the groups did not differ from each other on speed of picture naming or attention; however, the CWS performed significantly worse in nonword repetition. In addition, after partialling out the effects of age, (a) for CWS only, there was a significant negative relationship between picture naming speed and nonword repetition; (b) there were no significant relationships for either group between aspects of attention and picture naming speed; and (c) only the CWNS showed a significant relationship between nonword repetition and focused attentional skills. These results underscore the need to consider the underlying skills associated with lexically related aspects of language production when examining the task performances of CWS and CWNS.Educational objectives: The reader will be able to: (a) summarize findings from previous studies examining the speech and language performance of children who do (CWS) and do not stutter (CWNS); (b) describe findings of previous studies related to nonword repetition and attention in CWS; (c) compare the results of the present study with previous work in this area; and (d) discuss speculations concerning the relationship between linguistic processing speed, phonological working memory, and attention in CWS and CWNS. (c) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.