"It Happens to Girls All the Time": Examining Sexual Assault Survivors' Reasons for Not Using Campus Supports
"It Happens to Girls All the Time": Examining Sexual Assault Survivors' Reasons for Not Using Campus Supports
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DOI：
10.1002/ajcp.12126
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Cortina, Lilia M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Holland, Kathryn J.;Cortina, Lilia M.
性侵犯在高等教育中是一个普遍存在的问题，尽管大学校园里有越来越多的正式支持，但很少有性侵犯幸存者使用它们。遭受性侵犯会对幸存者的心理和教育健康造成毁灭性的后果，如果幸存者得不到足够的照顾，这种后果可能会加剧。从现有的理论框架和实证研究中，本研究使用混合方法来研究为什么幸存者没有使用三个关键的校园支持——第九条办公室、性侵犯中心和住房工作人员——以及这些原因在三个支持中是否不同。利用284名在大学期间遭受性侵犯的女性的数据，我们的定性研究结果确定了四个主要主题，包括后勤问题（例如，缺乏时间和知识）、感觉、信仰和反应，这些问题使得使用校园支持似乎是不可接受的，对支持适当性的判断，以及应对的替代方法。定量调查结果显示，幸存者不寻求帮助的原因因支持而异。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，社区规范和制度政策可能使幸存者难以使用校园支持。我们提出了一些制度变革的建议（例如，对“不太严重”的性侵犯采取更强硬的立场，减少调查和裁决的准刑事司法方法，限制强制性报告）。
Sexual assault is a prevalent problem in higher education, and despite the increasing availability of formal supports on college campuses, few sexual assault survivors use them. Experiencing sexual assault can have devastating consequences on survivors' psychological and educational wellbeing, which may intensify if survivors do not receive adequate care. Drawing from existing theoretical frameworks and empirical research, this study used a mixed methodological approach to examine why survivors did not use three key campus supports-the Title IX Office, the sexual assault center, and housing staff-and if these reasons differed across the three supports. Using data from 284 women who experienced sexual assault in college, our qualitative findings identified four overarching themes, including logistical issues (e.g., lacking time and knowledge), feelings, beliefs, and responses that made it seem unacceptable to use campus supports, judgments about the appropriateness of the support, and alternative methods of coping. Quantitative findings revealed that survivors' reasons for not seeking help differed across supports. Collectively, our findings suggest that community norms and institutional policies can make it challenging for survivors to use campus supports. We propose several suggestions for institutional change (e.g., taking a stronger stance against "less serious" forms of sexual assault, reducing a quasi-criminal justice approach to investigation and adjudication, limiting mandated reporting).