Mind-Body Practices and the Self: Yoga and Meditation Do Not Quiet the Ego but Instead Boost Self-Enhancement
Mind-Body Practices and the Self: Yoga and Meditation Do Not Quiet the Ego but Instead Boost Self-Enhancement
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797618764621
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Mander, Johannes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gebauer, Jochen E.;Nehrlich, Andreas D.;Mander, Johannes
身心实践享有巨大的公众和科学的兴趣。瑜伽和冥想非常受欢迎。据称，他们通过减少自我增强偏见来促进幸福。然而，这种自我平静的效果与一个明显的心理普遍性，即自我中心原则相矛盾。根据这一原则，练习任何技能都会使该技能以自我为中心，而自我中心会滋生自我增强偏见。我们在身心练习自我增强效应的第一次测试中检查了这些相反的预测。在实验1中，我们跟踪了93名瑜伽学生超过15周，评估瑜伽练习（瑜伽条件，n = 246）和没有练习（对照条件，n = 231）后的自我中心和自我增强偏见。在实验2中，我们在4周内跟踪了162名冥想者（冥想条件：n = 246;对照条件：n = 245）。在瑜伽（实验1）和冥想（实验2）的条件下，自我增强的偏见更高，这些影响是由更大的自我中心介导的。此外，更大的自我增强偏见介导的身心实践的福祉的好处。显然，瑜伽和冥想都不能完全平息自我;相反，它们促进了自我提升。
Mind-body practices enjoy immense public and scientific interest. Yoga and meditation are highly popular. Purportedly, they foster well-being by curtailing self-enhancement bias. However, this ego-quieting effect contradicts an apparent psychological universal, the self-centrality principle. According to this principle, practicing any skill renders that skill self-central, and self-centrality breeds self-enhancement bias. We examined those opposing predictions in the first tests of mind-body practices' self-enhancement effects. In Experiment 1, we followed 93 yoga students over 15 weeks, assessing self-centrality and self-enhancement bias after yoga practice (yoga condition, n = 246) and without practice (control condition, n = 231). In Experiment 2, we followed 162 meditators over 4 weeks (meditation condition: n = 246; control condition: n = 245). Self-enhancement bias was higher in the yoga (Experiment 1) and meditation (Experiment 2) conditions, and those effects were mediated by greater self-centrality. Additionally, greater self-enhancement bias mediated mind-body practices' well-being benefits. Evidently, neither yoga nor meditation fully quiet the ego; to the contrary, they boost self-enhancement.