Are data collected to support farm management suitable for monitoring soil indicators at the national scale?
Are data collected to support farm management suitable for monitoring soil indicators at the national scale?
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为支持农场管理而收集的数据是否适合监测全国范围的土壤指标？
DOI：
10.1111/ejss.12417
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Rawlins B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rawlins B
全国范围内表土特性（称为指标）的监测一般仅限于政府资助的代表性调查。我们考虑了一种经济高效的土壤信息补充来源，用于监测英格兰和威尔士 (E&W) 的农业土壤：由农民支付的土壤测量费用，我们称之为农民数据 (FD)。使用 FD 进行土壤监测的一个潜在问题是任何不可归因的偏差来源，例如样本设计。农民可能会选择（有目的地）将测量重点放在他们认为存在特定问题的地方。统计设计的调查（例如乡村调查（CS2007）和 LUCAS（土地利用/覆盖面积框架统计调查））采用的随机抽样可以避免这种偏差来源。我们使用来自单个实验室的 143 000 个 FD 土壤样本的测量结果来估计三个国家（英格兰或威尔士）和土地利用（耕地和园艺 (A&H) 或改良草地 (IG)）组合的五个表土指标（pH、有效磷 (Olsen)、钾、镁和有机质 (OM)）的全国平均值和置信区间。我们计算了两个时期（2004-9 和 2010-2105）的 FD 平均估计值，并评估了任何变化的重要性。我们将这些估计值与具有代表性的全国性调查的估计值进行比较，以确定是否存在偏见的证据以及是否可以对其进行解释。 A&H 和 IG 的 FD 和 LUCAS 调查（相同分析方法）表土 pH 值的平均估计值是一致的。尽管 FD 对 Olsen P (OP) 平均浓度的估计与之前的调查相似，但我们表明，与英格兰可耕地表土的 FD 相比，LUCAS 调查中观察到的平均 OP 浓度可能较大，部分原因是分析偏差的可归因来源。对于这种可量化的偏差来源，可能可以调整 FD 的估计平均值。然而，FD 也可能包括不可归因的偏差来源，例如有目的抽样的影响。重要的是，来自统计无偏设计的调查的同期数据可用，以便我们可以评估不可归因的来源是否对 FD 计算的平均值的估计产生显着影响。亮点对农民数据 (FD) 的评估为监测表土指标提供了一种潜在的具有成本效益的方法。很少有研究将全国范围的表土指标估计值与统计无偏设计和 FD 的调查数据进行比较。国家调查和 FD 的平均估计之间的偏差可能会存在。 FD 的更密集采样能够更准确地绘制国家调查数据。
Monitoring of topsoil properties (referred to as indicators) at the national scale has been limited in general to government‐funded representative surveys. We consider a cost‐effective complementary source of soil information for monitoring agricultural soil across England and Wales (E&W): soil measurements paid for by farmers that we refer to as farmers' data (FD). A potential problem in using FD for soil monitoring is any unattributable sources of bias, such as the sample design. Farmers may choose to focus their measurements (purposively) where they perceive a particular problem. Such a source of bias is avoided in the random sampling adopted by statistically designed surveys, such as the Countryside Survey (CS2007) and LUCAS (Land Use/Cover Area frame statistical Survey). We used measurements from 143 000 FD soil samples from a single laboratory to estimate national mean values and confidence intervals of five topsoil indicators (pH, available P (Olsen), K, Mg and organic matter (OM)) across three combinations of nation (England or Wales) and land use (arable and horticulture (A&H) or improved grassland (IG)). We computed mean estimates for FD over two time periods (2004–9 and 2010–2105) and assessed the significance of any change. We compared these estimates with those from representative national surveys to establish whether there was evidence for bias and whether it could be explained. Mean estimates of topsoil pH for the FD and the LUCAS survey (same analytical method) were consistent for both A&H and IG. Although FD estimates of mean Olsen P (OP) concentrations were similar to previous surveys, we show it is likely that the larger mean OP concentrations observed in the LUCAS survey compared with FD for arable topsoil in England are partly due to an attributable source of analytical bias. For such quantifiable sources of bias, it might be possible to adjust estimated mean values from FD. However, FD might also include sources of unattributable bias, such as the effect of purposive sampling. It is important that contemporaneous data from surveys with statistically unbiased designs are available so that we can assess whether unattributable sources exert a significant effect over estimates of mean values computed from FD.HighlightsAssessment of farmers' data (FD) to provide a potentially cost‐effective way to monitor topsoil indicators.Few studies have compared national‐scale estimates of topsoil indicators with survey data from statistically unbiased designs and FD.Bias between mean estimates from national surveys and FD could be accounted for.The denser sampling of FD enables mapping of national survey data with greater accuracy.
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Siewert, Christian;Kucerik, Jiri
通讯作者：
Kucerik, Jiri
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
B. Emmett;Z. Frogbrook;P. Chamberlain;R. Griffiths;R. Pickup;J. Poskitt;B. Reynolds;E. Rowe;P. Rowland;Julia Wilson;C. Wood
通讯作者：
C. Wood
英格兰和威尔士代表性土壤采样计划：1971 年至 2001 年间表土养分状况和 pH 值的统计分析
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
M. Oliver;J. Archer;S. Baxter;A. D. Todd;R. Skinner
通讯作者：
R. Skinner
影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Kirk, Guy J. D.;Bellamy, Pat H.;Lark, R. Murray
通讯作者：
Lark, R. Murray