Subcortical effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in the rat
Subcortical effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in the rat
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DOI：
10.1113/jphysiol.2013.257063
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发表时间：
2013-08-15
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Jankowska, E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bolzoni, F.;Baczyk, M.;Jankowska, E.
经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）影响皮质和皮质下水平的神经元。皮质下效应涉及几个下行运动系统，但似乎相对较弱，因为只发现皮质下发起的下行齐射的振幅略有增加，并且这些齐射的潜伏期缩短了一分钟。因此，本研究的目的是评估这些齐射的促进对随后肌肉激活的后果。实验在无神经肌肉阻滞的深度麻醉大鼠上进行。测试了tDCS对由施加在内侧纵束（MLF）或红核（RN）中的弱（20-60 μ A）单、双或三重刺激诱发的颈部肌肉记录的EMG电位的影响。这些电位的短潜伏期与网状脊髓神经元对颈运动神经元的单突触或双突触作用以及红核脊髓神经元对颈运动神经元的双突触或三突触作用相一致。尽管只有微弱的影响，间接下降截击，从MLF和RN的EMG反应是有力的促进阴极tDCS和阳极tDCS的抑郁症。促进和抑郁症的发展相对迅速（在第一分钟内），但都超过了tDCS，并存在长达1小时后tDCS。因此，该研究证明了tDCS对大鼠皮层下神经元的长期影响，尽管是由与在先前研究中研究的猫皮层下神经元或人类皮层神经元有效的tDCS相反的极性引起的。
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) affects neurons at both cortical and subcortical levels. The subcortical effects involve several descending motor systems but appeared to be relatively weak, as only small increases in the amplitude of subcortically initiated descending volleys and a minute shortening of latencies of these volleys were found. The aim of the present study was therefore to evaluate the consequences of facilitation of these volleys on the ensuing muscle activation. The experiments were carried out on deeply anaesthetized rats without neuromuscular blockade. Effects of tDCS were tested on EMG potentials recorded from neck muscles evoked by weak (20-60 mu A) single, double or triple stimuli applied in the medial longitudinal fascicle (MLF) or in the red nucleus (RN). Short latencies of these potentials were compatible with monosynaptic or disynaptic actions of reticulospinal and disynaptic or trisynaptic actions of rubrospinal neurons on neck motoneurons. Despite only weak effects on indirect descending volleys, the EMG responses from both the MLF and the RN were potently facilitated by cathodal tDCS and depressed by anodal tDCS. Both the facilitation and the depression developed relatively rapidly (within the first minute) but both outlasted tDCS and were present for up to 1 h after tDCS. The study thus demonstrates long-lasting effects of tDCS on subcortical neurons in the rat, albeit evoked by an opposite polarity of tDCS to that found to be effective on subcortical neurons in the cat investigated in the preceding study, or for cortical neurons in the humans.