Repeatable spatial maps of a few force and joint torque patterns elicited by microstimulation applied throughout the lumbar spinal cord of the spinal frog
Repeatable spatial maps of a few force and joint torque patterns elicited by microstimulation applied throughout the lumbar spinal cord of the spinal frog
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DOI：
10.1016/s0167-9457(00)00029-4
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发表时间：
2000-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Bizzi, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giszter, SF;Loeb, E;Bizzi, E
运动学习和新行为的构建必须受到脊髓运动装置及其如何支持运动的限制。最近的研究支持哺乳动物和低等脊椎动物脊髓功能的模块化。我们试图通过一个完整的腰椎肿大图来扩展这些分析。通过微刺激，系统地绘制了蛙腰髓灰质运动反应，在中外侧和整个扩大过程中，采用200 μ m的细颗粒分离。注意到力的大小和方向的模式。大面积的脊髓产生了非常小的浅滩。部分区域产生了较强的响应，强力响应和弱力响应可分为几类。在所有被检测的青蛙中，所引起的力可分为几类方向。这些力用标准方法表示为关节力矩。观察到的力包括纯髋关节扭矩和膝关节/髋关节联合扭矩模式，但没有纯膝关节扭矩。产生这些高震级力方向的连续区域以重复的模式排列。在蛙类脊髓的特定区域中，所激发的力的方向具有很强的相关性，而其他区域则表现出个体差异。这些数据与蛙的某些脊髓区域的特定运动反应或力场原始的微刺激招募一致。类似的限制可能存在于哺乳动物运动发育早期或脊髓损伤后。(C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V.版权所有
Motor learning and construction of novel behavior must be constrained by the spinal motor apparatus and how it supports movement. Recent work supports a modularity of spinal cord function in both mammals and lower vertebrates. We sought to extend these analyses by a complete mapping of the lumbar enlargement not previously attempted. The frog lumbar spinal cord grey matter motor responses were systematically mapped using microstimulation at a fine grain of 200 mum separation mediolaterally and in depth throughout the enlargement. The patterns of force magnitude and direction were noted. Large areas of spinal cord produced very small fords. Some areas produced strong responses, Both the strong and the weak force responses fell into a few classes. In all frogs examined the forces elicited fell into a few (5) classes of directions. These forces were expressed as joint torques by standard means. Forces were observed to comprise both pure hip torques and combined knee/hip torque patterns, but no pure knee torques. The contiguous regions producing these force directions at high magnitudes were arranged in repeating patterns. The directions of the Forces elicited were strongly correlated among frogs in specific regions of spinal cord while other regions showed individual variations. The data are consistent with microstimulation recruitment of specific motor responses or force-field primitives in some spinal cord regions in the frog. Similar constraints may exist early in mammalian motor development or after spinal cord injury. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.