Puffed-Up But Shaky Selves: State Self-Esteem Level and Variability in Narcissists
Puffed-Up But Shaky Selves: State Self-Esteem Level and Variability in Narcissists
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DOI：
10.1037/pspp0000093
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Back, Mitja D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geukes, Katharina;Nestler, Steffen;Back, Mitja D.
不同的理论概念都认为自大的自恋者自尊心很强，但也很脆弱。然而，经验证据并不一致，特别是关于自恋和自尊脆弱性之间的关系（即，自尊变异）。在这里，我们的目标是通过解开自恋的两个理论上不同的方面（即，钦佩和竞争）对国家自尊的两个方面（即，水平和可变性）。我们报告的数据从一个基于实验室和两个基于实地的研究（总N = 596）在现实的社会背景下，捕捉瞬间，每天和每周的状态自尊的波动。为了在一个模型中估计自恋对自尊水平和变异性的无偏影响，我们采用了混合效应位置量表模型。三项研究的结果及其元分析整合表明，自恋与自尊水平和变异性呈正相关。然而，在区分钦佩和竞争时，发现了一个重要的分离：钦佩与高（相当稳定）水平的国家自尊有关，而竞争与（相当低）脆弱的自尊有关。对潜在过程的分析表明，竞争对自尊变异性的影响是基于从一个评估到下一个评估，特别是在感知到缺乏社会包容之后，自尊会更强地下降。所揭示的钦佩和竞争的差异化效应解释了为什么自恋作为一个统一的概念的分析导致了不一致的过去的研究结果，并提供了更深层次的洞察到宏伟的自恋统治国家自尊的内在动力学。
Different theoretical conceptualizations characterize grandiose narcissists by high, yet fragile self-esteem. Empirical evidence, however, has been inconsistent, particularly regarding the relationship between narcissism and self-esteem fragility (i.e., self-esteem variability). Here, we aim at unraveling this inconsistency by disentangling the effects of two theoretically distinct facets of narcissism (i.e., admiration and rivalry) on the two aspects of state self-esteem (i.e., level and variability). We report on data from a laboratory-based and two field-based studies (total N = 596) in realistic social contexts, capturing momentary, daily, and weekly fluctuations of state self-esteem. To estimate unbiased effects of narcissism on the level and variability of self-esteem within one model, we applied mixed-effects location scale models. Results of the three studies and their meta-analytical integration indicated that narcissism is positively linked to self-esteem level and variability. When distinguishing between admiration and rivalry, however, an important dissociation was identified: Admiration was related to high (and rather stable) levels of state self-esteem, whereas rivalry was related to (rather low and) fragile self-esteem. Analyses on underlying processes suggest that effects of rivalry on self-esteem variability are based on stronger decreases in self-esteem from one assessment to the next, particularly after a perceived lack of social inclusion. The revealed differentiated effects of admiration and rivalry explain why the analysis of narcissism as a unitary concept has led to the inconsistent past findings and provide deeper insights into the intrapersonal dynamics of grandiose narcissism governing state self-esteem.