Detection and genetic characterization of norovirus strains circulating among infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan during 2004-2005.
Detection and genetic characterization of norovirus strains circulating among infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan during 2004-2005.
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
T. Phan;S. Takanashi;K. Kaneshi;Y. Ueda;S. Nakaya;S. Nishimura;K. Sugita;T. Nishimura;A. Yamamoto;F. Yagyu;S. Okitsu;N. Maneekarn;H. Ushijima
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作者：
T. Phan;S. Takanashi;K. Kaneshi;Y. Ueda;S. Nakaya;S. Nishimura;K. Sugita;T. Nishimura;A. Yamamoto;F. Yagyu;S. Okitsu;N. Maneekarn;H. Ushijima
2004年7月至2005年6月期间，从日本4个不同地区（舞鹤、东京、札幌和大坂）的急性胃肠炎婴儿和儿童中采集了共计752份粪便标本，通过RT-PCR检测诺如病毒的存在。结果发现，139份粪便标本（18.5%）为诺如病毒阳性。诺如病毒感染几乎全年都有发现，1月份的流行率最高。诺如病毒GII是最主要的基因组（98.6%; 137/139）。本研究中检测到的基因型为GI/1、GII/1、GII/3、GII/4和GII/6。其中，NoV GII/4（称为Lordsdale病毒簇）重新出现并成为主要基因型（77.7%）。与此同时，NoV GII/3（称为Arg 320病毒簇）的发病率迅速下降，仅占15.8%。该研究的另一个有趣的特点是在日本首次鉴定出Picton 03/AU样重组NoV。根据遗传分析，值得注意的是，与2002-2003年和2003-2004年传播的其他NoV GII/4相比，2004-2005年的NoV GII/4形成了一个独特的集群。值得注意的是，2003-2004年在日本佐贺市首次检测到的NoV GII/3中的“新重组变异体GIIb”（仅一例）在日本广泛传播，占45.5%（22例中的10例）。应开展进一步的流行病学研究，以确定这种新的重组变异株是否会在未来一年在日本占主导地位。
A total of 752 fecal specimens collected during the period of July 2004 to June 2005 from infants and children with acute gastroenteritis from four different regions (Maizuru, Tokyo, Sapporo, and Osaka) of Japan were tested for the presence of norovirus by RT-PCR. It was found that 139 (18.5%) fecal specimens were positive for norovirus. Norovirus infection was detected almost all year round with the highest prevalence in January. Norovirus GII was the most predominant genogroup (98.6%; 137 of 139). The genotypes detected in this study were GI/1, GII/1, GII/3, GII/4, and GII/6. Of these, NoV GII/4 (known as the Lordsdale virus cluster) was re-emerging and became the leading genotype (77.7%). Meanwhile, the incidence of NoV GII/3 (known as the Arg320 virus cluster) has dropped rapidly, accounting for only 15.8%. Another interesting feature of the study was the identification of Picton03/AU-like recombinant NoV for the first time in Japan. Based on the genetic analysis, it was interesting to note that NoV GII/4 in 2004-2005 made a distinct cluster in comparison to other NoV GII/4 circulating in 2002-2003 and 2003-2004. Of note, "new recombinant variant designated GIIb" within NoV GII/3, which was first detected in Saga City, Japan in 2003-2004 in only one case, had increased, spreading widely in Japan and representing 45.5% (10 of 22). Further epidemiological studies should be conducted to determine whether this new recombinant variant strain will be dominant in Japan in the coming year.