Poorer behavioral and developmental outcome more than 10 years after treatment for iron deficiency in infancy
Poorer behavioral and developmental outcome more than 10 years after treatment for iron deficiency in infancy
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DOI：
10.1542/peds.105.4.e51
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发表时间：
2000-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Wolf, AW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lozoff, B;Jimenez, F;Wolf, AW
客观的。确定婴儿期缺铁的长期影响。设计。对婴儿时期接受过缺铁检测和治疗的儿童进行的纵向随访研究。环境。哥斯达黎加圣何塞附近的城郊社区。参与者。在最初的 191 名参与者中，87% 的人在 11 至 14 岁时接受了重新评估（平均年龄：12.3 岁）。这些孩子没有缺铁，按照美国标准生长正常。将那些在婴儿期患有慢性、严重缺铁的人 (n = 48) 与那些在婴儿期铁治疗之前和/或之后铁状况良好的人 (n = 114) 进行比较。 结果测量。一套全面的认知、社会情感和运动测试以及学校功能测量。结果。婴儿期患有严重慢性缺铁的儿童在精神和运动功能方面的得分较低。在控制背景因素后，算术成绩和书面表达、运动功能和一些特定认知过程（空间记忆、选择性回忆和速视阈值）方面的差异仍然具有统计学意义。更多以前缺铁的儿童留级和/或被转介接受特殊服务或辅导。他们的父母和老师认为他们的行为在多个方面存在更多问题，一致认为他们对焦虑/抑郁、社交问题和注意力问题的担忧有所增加。结论。婴儿期严重的慢性缺铁表明儿童在铁剂治疗后 10 年以上仍面临发育和行为风险。
Objective. To determine the long-term effects of iron deficiency in infancy.Design. Longitudinal follow-up study of children who had been tested and treated for iron deficiency as infants.Setting. Periurban community near San Jose, Costa Rica.Participants. Of the original 191 participants, 87% were reevaluated at 11 to 14 years old (average age: 12.3 years). The children were free of iron deficiency and growing normally by US standards. Those who had chronic, severe iron deficiency in infancy (n = 48) were compared with those who had good iron status before and/or after iron therapy in infancy (n = 114).Outcome Measures. Comprehensive set of cognitive, socioemotional, and motor tests and measures of school functioning.Results. Children who had severe, chronic iron deficiency in infancy scored lower on measures of mental and motor functioning. After control for background factors, differences remained statistically significant in arithmetic achievement and written expression, motor functioning, and some specific cognitive processes (spatial memory, selective recall, and tachistoscopic threshold). More of the formerly iron-deficient children had repeated a grade and/or been referred for special services or tutoring. Their parents and teachers rated their behavior as more problematic in several areas, agreeing in increased concerns about anxiety/depression, social problems, and attention problems.Conclusions. Severe, chronic iron deficiency in infancy identifies children who continue at developmental and behavioral risk >10 years after iron treatment.