Characteristics of eating in anger, fear, sadness and joy
Characteristics of eating in anger, fear, sadness and joy
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DOI：
10.1006/appe.1999.0236
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发表时间：
1999-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Macht, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Macht, M
探讨情绪对进食的影响。107名女性和103名男性被试被要求报告在愤怒、恐惧、悲伤和快乐的情绪下，饮食的各种特征是如何变化的。受试者完成了33个项目的问卷调查，每种情绪和食物剥夺条件。对有关食物匮乏的回答项目进行因素分析，得出了四个因素，分别是饥饿、冲动的耳朵。感官饮食和享乐饮食。ANCOVA显示情绪对各因子的主效应。单项比较显示：（1）受试者在愤怒和喜悦时比在恐惧和悲伤时经历更高水平的饥饿;（2）冲动性进食和感官性进食在愤怒时比在其他情绪时更高;（3）享乐性进食在喜悦时比在其他情绪时更高。结果表明，恐惧和悲伤对进食没有任何不同的影响。据报道，女性在愤怒和悲伤时比男性更容易冲动进食和感官进食。进食负性情绪得分与体重指数呈低度正相关，与饮食节制呈低度负相关。情绪对进食特征的不同影响可能是由于所研究的情绪在发生频率、生理相关性和动机特性方面的差异。(C)北京：科学出版社.
Thc influences of emotions on eating were investigated. One-hundred and seven female and 103 male subjects were asked to report how various characteristics of eating could change during the emotions of anger, fear, sadness and joy. Subjects completed a questionnaire of 33 items for each emotion and a food deprivation condition. A factor analysis of the items answered with respect to food deprivation yielded four factors which were labelled hunger, impulsive earing. sensory eating and hedonic eating. ANCOVAs showed main effects of emotions upon each factor. Single comparisons showed that: (1) subjects reported to experience higher levels of hunger during anger and joy than during fear and sadness; (2) impulsive eating and sensory eating were rated higher during anger than during the other emotions; and (3) hedonic eating was rated higher during joy than during the other emotions. Results did not indicate any differential influences upon eating between fear and sadness. Women reported to experience higher tendencies of impulsive eating and sensory eating than men during anger and sadness. Eating scores of negative emotions correlated low and positive with body mass index, low and negative with dietary restraint. The differential effects of emotions on characteristics of eating may be due to differences of the examined emotions in frequency of occurrence, physiological correlates and motivational properties. (C) 1999 Academic Press.