Significant-Loophole-Free Test of Bell's Theorem with Entangled Photons
Significant-Loophole-Free Test of Bell's Theorem with Entangled Photons
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.115.250401
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发表时间：
2015-12-16
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Zeilinger, Anton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giustina, Marissa;Versteegh, Marijn A. M.;Zeilinger, Anton
局域实在论是一种世界观，在这种世界观中，物体的物理性质独立于测量而存在，并且物理影响的传播速度不能超过光速。贝尔定理指出，这种世界观与量子力学的预测不相容，这在贝尔不等式中有所体现。先前的实验令人信服地支持了量子预测。然而，每个实验都需要一些假设，这些假设为局域实在论的解释提供了漏洞。在此，我们报告了一个贝尔测试，它同时填补了这些漏洞中最重要的部分。通过使用一个经过精心优化的纠缠光子源、快速的设置生成以及高效的超导探测器，我们观察到贝尔不等式被高度显著地违反。在局域实在论下我们的结果出现的纯统计概率不超过3.74×10⁻³¹，对应着11.5个标准差的效应。
Local realism is the worldview in which physical properties of objects exist independently of measurement and where physical influences cannot travel faster than the speed of light. Bell's theorem states that this worldview is incompatible with the predictions of quantum mechanics, as is expressed in Bell's inequalities. Previous experiments convincingly supported the quantum predictions. Yet, every experiment requires assumptions that provide loopholes for a local realist explanation. Here, we report a Bell test that closes the most significant of these loopholes simultaneously. Using a well-optimized source of entangled photons, rapid setting generation, and highly efficient superconducting detectors, we observe a violation of a Bell inequality with high statistical significance. The purely statistical probability of our results to occur under local realism does not exceed 3.74 x 10(-31), corresponding to an 11.5 standard deviation effect.