Selenium in Agriculture: Water, Air, Soil, Plants, Food, Animals and Nanoselenium
Selenium in Agriculture: Water, Air, Soil, Plants, Food, Animals and Nanoselenium
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-11906-9_5
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. El-Ramady;É. Domokos-Szabolcsy;T. Shalaby;J. Prokisch;M. Fári
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. El-Ramady;É. Domokos-Szabolcsy;T. Shalaby;J. Prokisch;M. Fári
Selenium (Se) is an example of an essential element becoming more and more insufficient in food crops as a result of intensive plant production in many countries. Se is an essential biological trace element. It is an essential constituent of several enzymes in which it is present in the form of the unusual amino acid selenocysteine (SeCys). Se was first recognized as an essential nutrient in the late 1950s when it was found to replace vitamin E in the diets of rats and chicks for the prevention of vascular, muscular and/or hepatic lesions. Until that time, Se had been thought of only as a toxicant, being associated with “alkali disease” in grazing livestock in the northern Great Plains of the United States. Since that time, Se has become the subject of investigations in many parts of the world. Se enters soils primarily as a result of the weathering of Se-containing rocks, although volcanic activity, dusts such as in the vicinity of coal burning, Se-containing fertilizers, and some waters can also be sources. Se cycles through the food system, being removed from soils by plants and soil microorganisms, which can take up the element into their tissue proteins and metabolize some of it to volatile forms e.g., dimethylselenide. The latter enter the atmosphere to be brought down with precipitation and airborne particulates. This chapter reviews the present knowledge of the Se in agroecosystem. The occurrence of selenium in the environment from soil to food systems is discussed. The most promising and important nanotechnology applications in agriculture; and nano-selenium particles production, agricultural nanotechnology and its use in sustainable development will also be highlighted.
