Impoverishment of local wild resources in western Amazonia: a large-scale community survey of local ecological knowledge
Impoverishment of local wild resources in western Amazonia: a large-scale community survey of local ecological knowledge
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/ab83ad
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发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Abizaid, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coomes, Oliver T.;Takasaki, Yoshito;Abizaid, Christian
越来越多的研究指出，巴西亚马孙河流域沿着的植物群和动物群正在枯竭，但对亚马孙河流域西部大片地区的野生资源状况仍然知之甚少。在本文中，我们报告的结果，从秘鲁亚马逊的基础上，第一次大规模的社区调查，利用当地的生态知识，以评估存在的指标物种和预期的收获产量的游戏，鱼类和木材沿着四条主要河流。我们对近700个社区的研究结果表明，在过去的50年里，河流社区附近的森林和湖泊已经变得贫瘠，特别是具有高商业价值的脆弱物种。在伊基托斯和普卡尔帕两个主要区域城市以及一个重要的石油城镇周围发现了一个物种枯竭区。当地的灭绝是常见的，虽然一些特定的鱼类和木材物种有所恢复。预期产量正在下降，有证据表明，以前不受欢迎的物种正在被捕捞。较新的社区面临着较低的原始野生资源，森林砍伐是由市场需求而不是生存需求驱动的。我们的研究结果说明了利用当地生态知识的价值，以及在评估热带森林野生资源的命运时考虑历史基线条件的重要性。
A growing number of studies point to the depletion of flora and fauna along rivers of the Brazilian Amazon but the status of wild resources over large areas in Western Amazonia remains poorly known. In this paper we report on findings from the Peruvian Amazon based on the first large-scale community survey that uses local ecological knowledge to assess the presence of indicator species and expected harvest yields of game, fish and timber along four major rivers. Our findings from nearly 700 communities suggest that the forest and lakes near riverine communities have been impoverished over the past 50 years, especially of vulnerable species of high commercial value. A zone of species depletion is detected around the two major regional cities of Iquitos and Pucallpa as well as around an important oil town. Local extirpations are common though some recovery is noted for specific fish and timber species. Expected yields are falling and evidence is found for harvesting of previously non-preferred species. Newer communities face lower initial availability of wild resources and forest impoverishment is driven by market demand over subsistence needs. Our findings illustrate the value of drawing on local ecological knowledge and the importance of considering historical baseline conditions in assessments of the fate of wild resources in tropical forests.