Characterization of claustral neurons by comparative gene expression profiling and dye-injection analyses.
Characterization of claustral neurons by comparative gene expression profiling and dye-injection analyses.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnsys.2014.00098
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Yamamori T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watakabe A;Ohsawa S;Ichinohe N;Rockland KS;Yamamori T
屏蔽区是大脑皮层的一部分，尤其是邻近的岛叶皮质，已经通过连接特征和基因表达模式进行了研究。在本文中，我们绘制了啮齿动物和猕猴大脑中几个皮质基因(Nurr1、lacexin、cux2和netrinG2)的皮层和屏蔽层表达图谱，以进一步评估皮质和屏蔽层之间的共同特征。在小鼠中，这些基因在屏蔽区密集表达，但在皮质中非常稀少，在纹状体中不存在。为了测试是否可以通过这些基因的共同表达来区分皮质和屏蔽层细胞类型，我们在小鼠和猕猴的大脑中进行了双重ISH。NetrinG2和Nurr1基因在整个大脑皮层和屏蔽区共表达，而cux2和Nurr1仅在岛叶皮质和屏蔽区共表达。在猕猴体内，只有屏蔽体表达了Latexin。NORR1+屏状核神经元表达VGluT1，VGluT1是皮质谷氨酸能细胞的标志物，并发出皮质投射。综上所述，我们的数据表明，在猴子大脑中的屏蔽神经元和皮质神经元的一个亚型之间存在部分共同点。此外，在胚胎(E110)猕猴脑中，许多Nurr1+神经元散布在屏蔽区和岛叶皮质之间的白质中，这可能代表了它们的迁徙历史。在第二组实验中，我们将荧光黄注射到小鼠和大鼠脑片中，以研究岛状和屏状神经元的树突是否可以越过这两个脑区的边界。屏状神经元的树突没有侵入上覆的岛状区域。总之，在啮齿动物和猕猴的大脑中，屏蔽体的基因表达谱类似于新皮质的基因表达谱，但在表达密度和特定基因的细胞共定位方面有所改变。
The identity of the claustrum as a part of cerebral cortex, and in particular of the adjacent insular cortex, has been investigated by connectivity features and patterns of gene expression. In the present paper, we mapped the cortical and claustral expression of several cortical genes in rodent and macaque monkey brains (nurr1, latexin, cux2, and netrinG2) to further assess shared features between cortex and claustrum. In mice, these genes were densely expressed in the claustrum, but very sparsely in the cortex and not present in the striatum. To test whether the cortical vs. claustral cell types can be distinguished by co-expression of these genes, we performed a panel of double ISH in mouse and macaque brain. NetrinG2 and nurr1 genes were co-expressed across entire cortex and claustrum, but cux2 and nurr1 were co-expressed only in the insular cortex and claustrum. Latexin was expressed, in the macaque, only in the claustrum. The nurr1+ claustral neurons expressed VGluT1, a marker for cortical glutamatergic cells and send cortical projections. Taken together, our data suggest a partial commonality between claustral neurons and a subtype of cortical neurons in the monkey brain. Moreover, in the embryonic (E110) macaque brain, many nurr1+ neurons were scattered in the white matter between the claustrum and the insular cortex, possibly representing their migratory history. In a second set of experiments, we injected Lucifer Yellow intracellularly in mouse and rat slices to investigate whether dendrites of insular and claustral neurons can cross the border of the two brain regions. Dendrites of claustral neurons did not invade the overlying insular territory. In summary, gene expression profile of the claustrum is similar to that of the neocortex, in both rodent and macaque brains, but with modifications in density of expression and cellular co-localization of specific genes.