Seasonal activity patterns of European bats above intensively used farmland
Seasonal activity patterns of European bats above intensively used farmland
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agee.2016.09.002
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发表时间：
2016-10-03
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Voigt, Christian C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Heim, Olga;Schroeder, Assja;Voigt, Christian C.
蝙蝠是农田里的顶级昆虫捕食者，但它们却受到密集的农田管理的影响。在这里，我们评估了欧洲蝙蝠的季节性活动模式以上的大，耕地，并比较这些模式之间的生态不同的蝙蝠物种。在勃兰登堡，德国，我们使用重复被动声监测共93耕地2年，调查不同种类的蝙蝠早春和秋季之间的活动。然后，我们使用广义添加剂混合模型来描述和比较蝙蝠类别之间的季节性蝙蝠活动模式，这是建立在隶属于一个功能组和迁移类，同时控制当地的天气条件。在一般情况下，隶属于一个蝙蝠类别的互动与季节，除了云量和环境空气温度解释了蝙蝠活动的主要部分。季节也是一个重要因素的觅食活动的开放空间的专业人士，如Nyctalus adultula，但只显示出一个微弱的影响，如Pipistreilus nathusii这是适应边缘空间的栖息地。在整个季节，栖息地利用强度高，在群集和迁移期间和低的能量需求期的哺乳期。觅食活动的季节性模式表明，开放空间的专家觅食更密集的农业领域以上的迁移期间，而边缘空间的专家觅食也在能量需求旺盛的哺乳期。我们的结论是，蝙蝠活动的显着季节性波动和开放的农业景观蝙蝠类别之间的显着差异应考虑到在以农业为主的地区设计蝙蝠物种的监测计划和管理计划。此外，管理计划应针对改善可耕地的条件，特别是蝙蝠物种，这将被归类为狭窄的空间觅食，如鼠耳蝠物种。(C)2016爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Bats are top insect predators on farmland, yet they suffer from intensive farmland management. Here, we evaluated the seasonal activity patterns of European bats above large, arable fields and compared these patterns between ecologically distinct bat species. Using repeated passive acoustic monitoring on a total of 93 arable fields in 2 years in Brandenburg, Germany, we surveyed the activity of different bat species between early spring and autumn. We then used generalized additive mixed models to describe and compare the seasonal bat activity patterns between bat categories, which were build based on the affiliation to a functional group and migratory class, while controlling for local weather conditions. In general, the affiliation to a bat category in interaction with the season in addition to cloud cover and ambient air temperature explained a major part of bat activity. The season was also an important factor for the foraging activity of open-space specialists such as Nyctalus noctula but showed only a weak effect on species such as Pipistreilus nathusii which are adapted to edge-space habitats. Across the seasons, habitat use intensity was high during the period of swarming and migration and low during the energy demanding period of lactation. Seasonal patterns in foraging activity showed that open-space specialists foraged more intensively above agricultural fields during the migration period, while edge-space specialists foraged also during the energy demanding period of lactation. We conclude that the significant seasonal fluctuations in bat activity and significant differences between bat categories in open agricultural landscapes should be taken into consideration when designing monitoring schemes and management plans for bat species in regions dominated by agriculture. Also, management plans should be directed to improve the conditions on arable land especially for bat species which would be classified as narrow-space foragers such as Myotis species. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.