Missouri Mothers and Their Children: A Family Study of the Effects of Genetics and the Prenatal Environment.
Missouri Mothers and Their Children: A Family Study of the Effects of Genetics and the Prenatal Environment.
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DOI：
10.1017/thg.2015.46
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发表时间：
2015-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Evans AS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Knopik VS;Heath AC;Marceau K;Palmer RH;McGeary JE;Todorov A;Evans AS
密苏里州母亲和他们的孩子研究是专门设计来批判性地调查产前环境对儿童注意力问题和相关的学习和认知缺陷的影响。该项目于2004年作为试点研究开始，并于2008年正式启动。这项研究的参与者最初是通过生命统计部门的出生记录数据库确定的。访谈和基于实验室的数据来自：(1)在密苏里出生的孩子（1998-2005年出生）的母亲，她们在一次怀孕期间吸烟，但在另一次怀孕期间不吸烟；(2)亲生父亲（如果有的话）；(3)孩子[即在怀孕期间暴露于母亲吸烟（SDP）不一致的全兄弟姐妹]。这种母体内和妊娠间的对比为许多稳定的母体和家族混杂因素（例如，预测SDP概率增加的母亲的遗传和社会人口特征）提供了最佳的方法学控制。它还控制了怀孕期间吸烟和不吸烟的母亲及其伴侣之间的差异，否则这些差异可能会人为地造成或掩盖SDP与儿童结局之间的关联。因此，这样的设计将提供机会来确定较少偏倚的效应大小，同时也允许我们调查（在初步的基础上）在产前、围产期和产后期间父亲或其他二手烟暴露对后代结果的可能贡献。该方案建立了一个队列，可以纵向跟踪通常与外化症状增加和物质使用开始相关的时期。
The Missouri Mothers and Their Children Study was specifically designed to critically investigate prenatal environmental influences on child attention problems and associated learning and cognitive deficits. The project began as a pilot study in 2004 and was formally launched in 2008. Participants in the study were initially identified via the Department of Vital Statistics birth record database. Interview and lab-based data were obtained from (1) mothers of Missouri-born children (born 1998–2005), who smoked during one pregnancy but not during another pregnancy, (2) biological fathers when available, and (3) the children [i.e., full sibling pairs discordant for exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy (SDP)]. This within-mother, between-pregnancy contrast provides the best possible methodological control for many stable maternal and familial confounding factors (e.g., heritable and socio-demographic characteristics of the mother that predict increased probability of SDP). It also controls for differences between mothers who do and do not smoke during pregnancy, and their partners, that might otherwise artifactually create, or alternatively mask, associations between SDP and child outcomes. Such a design will therefore provide opportunities to determine less biased effect sizes while also allowing us to investigate (on a preliminary basis) the possible contribution of paternal or other second-hand smoke exposure during the pre-, peri- and postnatal periods to offspring outcome. This protocol has developed a cohort that can be followed longitudinally through periods typically associated with increased externalizing symptoms and substance use initiation.