Astrocyte-Endotheliocyte Axis in the Regulation of the Blood-Brain Barrier
Astrocyte-Endotheliocyte Axis in the Regulation of the Blood-Brain Barrier
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DOI：
10.1007/s11064-021-03338-6
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发表时间：
2021-05-07
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Verkhratsky, Alexei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pivoriunas, Augustas;Verkhratsky, Alexei
血脑屏障的演变导致神经系统的集中：神经元团块的出现需要控制间质液的组成。这些屏障最初是由神经胶质细胞产生的，在无脊椎动物中，神经胶质细胞采用分隔连接来限制细胞旁扩散，在一些早期脊椎动物中，神经胶质细胞采用紧密连接。由紧密和粘附连接固定的内皮屏障出现在脊椎动物中，在哺乳动物中很常见。星形胶质细胞形成血脑屏障的实质部分，并通过分泌生长因子、形态发生素和细胞外囊泡与内皮细胞结合。这些分泌的因子通过调节紧密连接蛋白的表达来控制血脑屏障的完整性。星形胶质细胞-内皮细胞通信在与血脑屏障损伤相关的各种神经系统疾病中特别重要。在健康和疾病中支持星形胶质细胞-内皮细胞轴的分子机制需要详细的表征。
The evolution of blood-brain barrier paralleled centralisation of the nervous system: emergence of neuronal masses required control over composition of the interstitial fluids. The barriers were initially created by glial cells, which employed septate junctions to restrict paracellular diffusion in the invertebrates and tight junctions in some early vertebrates. The endothelial barrier, secured by tight and adherent junctions emerged in vertebrates and is common in mammals. Astrocytes form the parenchymal part of the blood-brain barrier and commutate with endothelial cells through secretion of growth factors, morphogens and extracellular vesicles. These secreted factors control the integrity of the blood-brain barrier through regulation of expression of tight junction proteins. The astrocyte-endotheliocyte communications are particularly important in various neurological diseases associated with impairments to the blood-brain barrier. Molecular mechanisms supporting astrocyte-endotheliocyte axis in health and disease are in need of detailed characterisation.