Effects of simulated hypo-gravity on lower limb kinematic and electromyographic variables during anti-gravitational treadmill walking.
Effects of simulated hypo-gravity on lower limb kinematic and electromyographic variables during anti-gravitational treadmill walking.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2023.1141015
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4
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中科院分区：
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引言：本研究调查了在模拟正常体重100%到20%的重力卸载水平下步态的运动学和肌电图（EMG）变化。本研究试图确定每个卸载水平是否引发特定于该正常体重百分比的一致变化，或者卸载所产生的变化是否会受到先前卸载水平的影响。
方法：15名健康成年参与者（年龄26.3±2.5岁；53%为女性）在Alter - G反重力跑步机卸载系统中以正常体重的100%、80%、60%、40%和20%分别行走1分钟（平均速度：1.49英里/小时），然后按相反顺序重新加载至100%。下身运动学数据由惯性测量单元采集，肌电图数据从股直肌、股二头肌、内侧腓肠肌和胫骨前肌收集。使用重复测量方差分析和统计参数映射对相同负载水平的数据进行比较。创建相邻水平的差异波形以检查不同卸载水平之间的变化率。
结果：本研究发现，在相同的卸载水平下，髋、膝和踝关节运动学以及股直肌和内侧腓肠肌的活动，因来自较高或较低的卸载水平而存在显著差异。运动学差异波形没有显著变化，然而代表100%和80%负载之间肌电图变化的波形与所有其他水平显著不同。
讨论：本研究发现，从100%到20%的体重卸载在内侧腓肠肌以及部分在股直肌中引发了不同的反应。髋、膝和踝关节运动学也因加载和卸载而受到不同的影响，特别是在正常体重的40%时。这些发现表明，在确定低于标准重力（g）的加载和卸载过程中对当前水平的运动学和肌电图反应时，先前的重力负载水平是一个需要考虑的重要因素。同样，从100%到20%的运动学变化率似乎是线性的，而肌电图的变化率是非线性的。这一点特别有趣，因为它表明运动学和肌电图测量值在卸载时解耦，并且可能对卸载有独特的反应。
Introduction: This study investigated kinematic and EMG changes in gait across simulated gravitational unloading levels between 100% and 20% of normal body weight. This study sought to identify if each level of unloading elicited consistent changes—particular to that percentage of normal body weight—or if the changes seen with unloading could be influenced by the previous level(s) of unloading. Methods: 15 healthy adult participants (26.3 2.5 years; 53% female) walked in an Alter-G anti-gravity treadmill unloading system (mean speed: 1.49 mph) for 1 min each at 100%, 80%, 60%, 40% and 20% of normal body weight, before loading back to 100% in reverse order. Lower-body kinematic data were captured by inertial measurement units, and EMG data were collected from the rectus femoris, biceps femoris, medial gastrocnemius, and anterior tibialis. Data were compared across like levels of load using repeated measures ANOVA and statistical parametric mapping. Difference waveforms for adjacent levels were created to examine the rate of change between different unloading levels. Results: This study found hip, knee, and ankle kinematics as well as activity in the rectus femoris, and medial gastrocnemius were significantly different at the same level of unloading, having arrived from a higher, or lower level of unloading. There were no significant changes in the kinematic difference waveforms, however the waveform representing the change in EMG between 100% and 80% load was significantly different from all other levels. Discussion: This study found that body weight unloading from 100% to 20% elicited distinct responses in the medial gastrocnemius, as well as partly in the rectus femoris. Hip, knee, and ankle kinematics were also affected differentially by loading and unloading, especially at 40% of normal body weight. These findings suggest the previous level of gravitational load is an important factor to consider in determining kinematic and EMG responses to the current level during loading and unloading below standard g. Similarly, the rate of change in kinematics from 100% to 20% appears to be linear, while the rate of change in EMG was non-linear. This is of particular interest, as it suggests that kinematic and EMG measures decouple with unloading and may react to unloading uniquely.
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