Mucosal associated invariant T cells: don't forget your vitamins.
Mucosal associated invariant T cells: don't forget your vitamins.
复制标题
粘膜相关的不变 T 细胞：不要忘记维生素。
DOI：
10.1038/cr.2012.168
复制
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
44.1
通讯作者：
Gapin,Laurent
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Young,MaryH;Gapin,Laurent
T淋巴细胞表达克隆性受体，称为T细胞受体(TCR)，它能识别与主要组织相容性分子(MHC)结合的抗原。到目前为止，T细胞抗原可以大致分为两类：多肽和脂类。Kjer-Nielsen及其同事最近在《自然》杂志上发表的一篇论文揭示，一种独特的T淋巴细胞群体表达TCR，这种细胞识别一种全新的、意想不到的抗原--维生素代谢物。免疫系统已经进化出各种针对外来病原体的防御机制，包括天然和适应性过程，它们协同工作以消除潜在的威胁。免疫系统的固有手臂包括表达各种非多态、通用受体的细胞，这些受体识别来自微生物的结构保守的分子。相比之下，适应性臂包括表达克隆分布的可变受体的细胞，这些受体是通过基因片段的体细胞重组产生的，这些受体识别来自病原体的特定抗原。这些受体通过其特定的抗原与淋巴细胞表面结合，导致克隆分裂和细胞介质的产生。可变受体是由B淋巴细胞表达的免疫球蛋白和由绝大多数T淋巴细胞表达的αβT细胞受体。
T lymphocytes express clonal receptors, called T cell receptors (TCRs), which specifically recognize antigens presented in combination with major histocompatibility molecules (MHC). To date, T cell antigens can be broadly categorized into two classes: peptides and lipids. A recent paper published in Nature by Kjer-Nielsen and colleagues reveals that a unique population of T lymphocytes expresses TCRs that recognize a completely new and unexpected class of antigens, vitamin metabolites.The immune system has evolved a variety of defense mechanisms against foreign pathogens, including both innate and adaptive processes that work in concert to eliminate potential threats. The innate arm of the immune system includes cells that express a variety of non-polymorphic, generic receptors, which recognize structurally conserved molecules derived from microbes. In contrast, the adaptive arm includes cells that express clonally distributed variable receptors generated through somatic rearrangements of gene segments, which recognize specific antigens derived from pathogens. Engagement of these receptors at the surface of lymphocytes by their specific antigens results in clonal division and the production of cellular mediators. The variable receptors are immunoglobulin, expressed by B lymphocytes, and the αβ T cell receptor (TCR), expressed by the vast majority of T lymphocytes.