Worldwide spread of the African big-headed ant, Pheidole megacephala (Hymeno- ptera: Formicidae)
Worldwide spread of the African big-headed ant, Pheidole megacephala (Hymeno- ptera: Formicidae)
复制标题
非洲大头蚁 Pheidole megacephala（膜翅目：蚁科）在全球范围内的传播
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. K. Wetterer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. K. Wetterer
原产于非洲的大头蝇（Pheidole megacephala，FABRICIUS，1793）已成为许多热带和亚热带地区广泛分布的家庭和农业害虫。为了评估大头蛙在世界范围内的传播，我收集了来自1600多个地点的已发表和未发表的标本记录。我记录了141个地理区域已知最早的大头原住民记录（国家，岛屿群，主要岛屿和美国各州），包括许多我没有发现以前发布的记录的地区：安圭拉、安提瓜、阿鲁巴、巴巴多斯、巴布达、英属维尔京群岛、加州、中非共和国、库拉考、多米尼克、加拉帕戈斯群岛、冈比亚、圭亚那、马里、马里兰州、蒙特塞拉特、尼维斯、尼加拉瓜、巴基斯坦、秘鲁、卢旺达、圣基茨、圣卢西亚、特立尼达和特克斯和凯科斯群岛。许多来自地中海地区的旧记录都是对当地原生物种Pheidole pallidula（NYLANDER，1849）的错误鉴定。所有来自欧洲的高纬度记录可能要么是室内记录，要么是对P. pallidula的错误鉴定。具有强大刺的入侵蚂蚁物种，如Solenopsis invicta BUREN，1974，受到了媒体的广泛关注。由于大头菲蝇不会伤害人类，因此该物种通常不被认为是一个实质性的威胁。事实上，在其高密度发生的地区，很少有原生无脊椎动物存在，而P. megacephala可能是导致许多陆地无脊椎动物灭绝的原因。
Originally from Africa, Pheidole megacephala (FABRICIUS, 1793) has become a widespread household and agricultural pest in many tropical and subtropical areas. To evaluate the worldwide spread of P. megacephala, I compiled published and unpublished specimen records from > 1600 sites. I documented the earliest known P. megacephala records for 141 geographic areas (countries, island groups, major islands, and US states), including many locales for which I found no previously published records: Anguilla, Antigua, Aruba, Barbados, Barbuda, British Virgin Islands, California, Central African Republic, Curacao, Dominica, Galapagos Islands, Gambia, Guyana, Mali, Maryland, Montserrat, Nevis, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Peru, Rwanda, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, Trinidad, and the Turks & Caicos Islands. Many old published records of P. megacephala from the Mediterranean region are misidentifications of a local native species, Pheidole pallidula (NYLANDER, 1849). All higher latitude records from Europe are probably either indoor records or misidentifications of P. pallidula. Invasive ant species with powerful stings, such as Solenopsis invicta BUREN, 1974, have received much media attention. Because Pheidole megacephala does not injure humans, this species is often not recognized as a substantial threat. In fact, in areas where it occurs at high density, few native invertebrates persist and P. megacephala may be responsible for driving many terrestrial invertebrate species extinct.