Recent decadal weakening of the summer Eurasian westerly jet attributable to anthropogenic aerosol emissions.
Recent decadal weakening of the summer Eurasian westerly jet attributable to anthropogenic aerosol emissions.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-022-28816-5
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发表时间：
2022-03-03
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Harvey B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dong B;Sutton RT;Shaffrey L;Harvey B
欧亚副热带西风急流（ESWJ）是北半球夏季大气环流的主要特征。在这里，我们证明了在过去的40年里，夏季ESWJ出现了强劲的减弱趋势，这与极端天气的显著影响有关。对耦合模式比对项目（CMIP6）第6阶段气候模式模拟的分析表明，人为气溶胶可能是ESWJ减弱的主要驱动因素。欧洲气溶胶减少导致中高纬度地区变暖，南亚和东亚气溶胶增加导致热带和亚热带地区变冷，这些都降低了地面和对流层中下层的经向温度梯度，导致纬向风垂直切变减少，对流层上层的ESWJ减弱。如果像预期的那样，亚洲人为气溶胶前体排放在未来下降，我们的结果意味着夏季ESWJ的再次加强。本研究提供的证据表明，北半球夏季环流的一个主要特征——欧亚副热带西风急流（ESWJ）在近几十年来显著减弱，而这种减弱是由人为气溶胶的变化引起的。
The Eurasian subtropical westerly jet (ESWJ) is a major feature of the summertime atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we demonstrate a robust weakening trend in the summer ESWJ over the last four decades, linked to significant impacts on extreme weather. Analysis of climate model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) suggests that anthropogenic aerosols were likely the primary driver of the weakening ESWJ. Warming over mid-high latitudes due to aerosol reductions in Europe, and cooling in the tropics and subtropics due to aerosol increases over South and East Asia acted to reduce the meridional temperature gradient at the surface and in the lower and middle troposphere, leading to reduced vertical shear of the zonal wind and a weaker ESWJ in the upper troposphere. If, as expected, Asian anthropogenic aerosol precursor emissions decline in future, our results imply a renewed strengthening of the summer ESWJ. This study presents evidence that a major feature of the northern hemisphere summertime circulation, the Eurasian subtropical westerly jet (ESWJ), weakened significantly in recent decades, and that this weakening was caused by changes in anthropogenic aerosols.
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