ENRICHED ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCES HORMONAL STATUS AND HIPPOCAMPAL BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR IN A SEX DEPENDENT MANNER
ENRICHED ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCES HORMONAL STATUS AND HIPPOCAMPAL BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR IN A SEX DEPENDENT MANNER
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.08.054
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Jezova, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bakos, J.;Hlavacova, N.;Jezova, D.
本研究旨在检验这样的假设：丰富的环境（EE）会引起应激激素释放的性别依赖性变化以及大脑可塑性增加的标志物。重点是下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质（HPA）轴活动、应激激素的血浆水平、谷氨酸受体亚基的基因表达以及选定大脑区域的脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）的浓度。暴露于 EE 的大鼠被以 12 只为一组，关在装有各种物品的大笼子中，并经常更换，为期 6 周。对照动物在标准条件下每笼饲养四只。在女性中，EE 诱导的海马 BDNF（一种与神经可塑性增加相关的神经营养因子）的增加比男性更明显。下丘脑 BDNF 浓度也观察到类似的性别特异性变化。 EE 还显着降低了雌性大鼠的催产素和醛固酮水平，而雄性大鼠则没有。饲养在 EE 中的雌性大鼠中，血浆睾酮与海马 BDNF 呈正相关，但雄性大鼠则不然。在雄性大鼠中，住在 EE 中会导致睾酮和促肾上腺皮质激素 (ACTH) 水平升高，但在雌性大鼠中却没有发现这种情况。在 EE 中饲养的大鼠中，无论性别如何，海马糖皮质激素受体水平均下降，但盐皮质激素受体水平并未下降。饲养条件无法改变前脑谷氨酸受体 1 型谷氨酸受体 (Glur1) 和代谢型谷氨酸受体亚型 5 (mGlur5) 亚基的 mRNA 水平。此外，在两性中都观察到皮质酮和 BDNF 之间呈负相关。结果表明，激素与大脑可塑性变化之间的关联与性别有关。特别是，睾酮似乎参与了与女性神经可塑性相关的调节过程。 (C) 2009 国际广播组织。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
The present study is aimed at testing the hypothesis that an enriched environment (EE) induces sex-dependent changes in stress hormone release and in markers of increased brain plasticity. The focus was on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis activity, plasma levels of stress hormones, gene expression of glutamate receptor subunits and concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in selected brain regions. Rats exposed to EE were housed in groups of 12 in large cages with various objects, which were frequently changed, for 6 weeks. Control animals were housed four per cage under standard conditions. In females the EE-induced rise in hippocampal BDNF, a neurotrophic factor associated with increased neural plasticity, was more pronounced than in males. Similar sex-specific changes were observed in BDNF concentrations in the hypothalamus. EE also significantly attenuated oxytocin and aldosterone levels only in female but not male rats. Plasma testosterone positively correlated with hippocampal BDNF in female but not male rats housed in EE. In male rats housing in EE led to enhanced levels of testosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), this was not seen in females. Hippocampal glucocorticoid but not mineralocorticoid receptor levels decreased in rats housed in EE irrespective of sex. Housing conditions failed to modify mRNA levels of glutamate receptor type 1 (Glur1) and metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlur5) subunits of glutamate receptors in the forebrain. Moreover, a negative association between corticosterone and BDNF was observed in both sexes. The results demonstrate that the association between hormones and changes in brain plasticity is sex related. In particular, testosterone seems to be involved in the regulatory processes related to neuroplasticity in females. (C) 2009 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.