CHARACTERIZATION OF SPHINGOLIPIDS OF OLIGODENDROGLIA FROM CALF BRAIN
CHARACTERIZATION OF SPHINGOLIPIDS OF OLIGODENDROGLIA FROM CALF BRAIN
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1979.tb04566.x
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发表时间：
1979-01-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
NORTON, WT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ABE, T;NORTON, WT
从牛脑白色物质中分离的纯化少突胶质细胞除含有半乳糖神经酰胺、硫苷脂和鞘磷脂外，还含有大量的葡糖神经酰胺、二己糖神经酰胺和酯化半乳糖神经酰胺。这些鞘脂的分离和定量和他们的脂肪酸和长链碱基模式与那些从牛髓鞘，白色物质和灰质分离的鞘脂。次要的鞘糖脂，葡萄糖神经酰胺。二己糖基神经酰胺和酯化半乳糖基神经酰胺构成了比髓鞘脂质更高的胶质脂质百分比。葡萄糖神经酰胺占总神经胶质单己糖神经酰胺部分的12%和总脂质的0.8%;二己糖神经酰胺占总神经胶质脂质的0.9%。这两种脂质都具有少量的α-羟基脂肪酸葡萄糖神经酰胺中的未取代脂肪酸多为短链（16和18个碳），与二己糖神经酰胺中的短链和长链混合脂肪酸不同。这些脂质的羟基酸是相似的，类似于半乳糖神经酰胺。神经胶质细胞的半乳糖神经酰胺、硫苷脂和鞘磷脂的脂肪酸模式类似于髓鞘和白色物质的相应脂质。酯化的半乳糖基神经酰胺的酰胺连接的酸含有未取代的和α-羟基链他们的模式是不相同的半乳糖神经酰胺，但在所有的大脑馏分相似。除鞘磷脂和二己糖神经酰胺（含有少量C20-鞘氨醇）外，分析的所有鞘脂主要含有鞘氨醇和二氢鞘氨醇。鞘脂在少突胶质细胞中的分布是特征性的，但这些脂质的亲脂性残基不是细胞特异性的。
Purified oligodendroglia isolated from bovine brain white matter contained, in addition to galactosylceramide, sulfatide and sphingomyelin, significant quantities of glucosylceramide, dihexosylceramide and esterified galactosylceramide. These sphingolipids were isolated and quantitated and their fatty acid and long chain base patterns compared with those from sphingolipids isolated from bovine myelin, white matter and gray matter. The minor glycosphingolipids, glucosylceramide. dihexosylceramide and esterified galactosylceramide, constituted a higher percentage of glial lipids than of myelin lipids. Glucosylceramide accounted for 12% of the total glial monohexosylceramide fraction and 0.8% of total lipids; dihexosylceramide was 0.9% of total glial lipids. Both of these lipids had small quantities of .alpha.-hydroxy fatty acids. The unsubstituted fatty acids of glucosylceramide were mostly short chain (16 and 18 carbons) and were different from those of the dihexosylceramides which were a mixture of short and long chain. The hydroxy acids of each of these lipids were similar and resembled those of galactosylceramide. The fatty acid patterns of galactosylceramide, sulfatide and sphingomyelin from glial cells resembled those of the corresponding lipids from myelin and white matter. The amide-linked acids of esterified galactosylceramide contained both unsubstituted and .alpha.-hydroxy chains. Their patterns were not identical to those of galactosylceramide, but were similar in all brain fractions. With the exception of sphingomyelin and dihexosylceramide, which contained small amounts of C20-sphingosine, all sphingolipids analyzed contained mostly sphingosine and dihydrosphingosine. The distribution of sphingolipids in the oligodendroglia is characteristic, but the lipophilic residues of these lipids are not cell-specific.