High-definition self-assemblies driven by the hydrophobic effect: synthesis and properties of a supramolecular nanocapsule
High-definition self-assemblies driven by the hydrophobic effect: synthesis and properties of a supramolecular nanocapsule
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DOI：
10.1039/b805446k
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Gibb, Bruce C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Simin;Gibb, Bruce C.
高清晰度的自组装，那些在分子水平上拥有秩序，最常见的是由具有金属和金属配位位点的亚基，或能够参与氢键的基团组成。换句话说，焓是组装自由能背后的驱动力。疏水效应产生了（名义上）不依赖焓而是依赖熵来驱动组装的可能性。对于这个想法，我们描述了模板分子如何可以触发在水溶液中的腔体的二聚化，并在这样做是封装在所得的胶囊。虽然没有保持在一起的（物理上）强大的和定向的非共价力，这些胶囊具有相当大的热力学和动力学稳定性。因此，它们显示出不寻常甚至独特的特性。我们将讨论其中的一些，包括使用胶囊作为纳米级反应室，以及它们如何实现碳氢化合物气体的分离。
High definition self-assemblies, those that possess order at the molecular level, are most commonly made from subunits possessing metals and metal coordination sites, or groups capable of partaking in hydrogen bonding. In other words, enthalpy is the driving force behind the free energy of assembly. The hydrophobic effect engenders the possibility of (nominally) relying not on enthalpy but entropy to drive assembly. Towards this idea, we describe how template molecules can trigger the dimerization of a cavitand in aqueous solution, and in doing so are encapsulated within the resulting capsule. Although not held together by (enthalpically) strong and directional non-covalent forces, these capsules possess considerable thermodynamic and kinetic stability. As a result, they display unusual and even unique properties. We discuss some of these, including the use of the capsule as a nanoscale reaction chamber and how they can bring about the separation of hydrocarbon gases.