Human impact erodes chimpanzee behavioral diversity
Human impact erodes chimpanzee behavioral diversity
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aau4532
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发表时间：
2019-03-29
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Kalan, Ammie K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuehl, Hjalmar S.;Boesch, Christophe;Kalan, Ammie K.
在非人类物种中，黑猩猩拥有大量的行为和文化特征。“干扰假说”预测，人类的影响会耗尽资源，扰乱行为和文化传播所必需的社会学习过程。我们使用了144个黑猩猩社区的数据集，其中包含31种行为的信息，表明与低影响地区相比，居住在人类影响高的地区的黑猩猩在所有行为中的平均发生概率降低了88%。这种行为多样性的损失是明显的，无论分组或分类的行为。因此，人类的影响可能不仅与种群和遗传多样性的丧失有关，而且还影响到动物的行为。我们的研究结果支持这样的观点，即“文化上重要的单位”应纳入野生动物保护。
Chimpanzees possess a large number of behavioral and cultural traits among nonhuman species. The "disturbance hypothesis" predicts that human impact depletes resources and disrupts social learning processes necessary for behavioral and cultural transmission. We used a dataset of 144 chimpanzee communities, with information on 31 behaviors, to show that chimpanzees inhabiting areas with high human impact have a mean probability of occurrence reduced by 88%, across all behaviors, compared to low-impact areas. This behavioral diversity loss was evident irrespective of the grouping or categorization of behaviors. Therefore, human impact may not only be associated with the loss of populations and genetic diversity, but also affects how animals behave. Our results support the view that "culturally significant units" should be integrated into wildlife conservation.