Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Ice Submerging for Icebreaker with 2D Model Test Using Synthetic Ice-猫眼课题宝

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2015

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作者：

J. Sawamura;S. Kioka;A. Konno

为了提供破冰船在水平冰中前进时的冰淹没信息，进行了人工冰的二维模型试验。聚丙烯板已被用于合成冰。船被马车牢牢地拖着，在预先铺好的冰面上以恒定的速度前进。在不同的船速和冰况下，如天鹅前冰的大小，测量冰力和冰淹没的运动。实测数据表明，冰潜运动和冰力的大小取决于船与预锯冰之间的几何条件以及船速。二维数值模型，使破冰船上的冰力的模拟，是推进到预锯冰开发的物理为基础的建模。船冰接触点上作用有接触力和摩擦力。将浮力和流体力视为作用于浮冰上的水动力，用简单公式表示。数值计算结果与实验数据进行了比较。数值计算结果与试验结果定性地吻合较好。研究了船舶和冰况对冰淹没的影响。冰淹没引起的水动力对冰力和摩擦力的估算具有重要作用。为了改善破冰船的结构和操纵性能，估算作用在船舶上的冰力（压力）分布是一个至关重要的问题。冰力的估算和性能评价一般采用模型试验和实船测量。船体上的局部冰力通过全尺寸测量中结构构件上的应变计得出的结构响应进行隐式估算（例如，Frederking，2003年）。安装在外船体上的面板传感器用于测量船体上的局部冰压力（例如Izumiyama等人，1999年）。由于测量系统的空间分辨率和时间分辨率的限制以及使用冰槽的足尺测量和模型试验的成本效率，从足尺测量和模型试验获得的数据不足以研究局部冰力的细节。因此，对船舶船体周围的局部冰力分布还没有完全了解。在拖曳水池模型试验中，采用人工冰代替冰槽中的冷冻冰。人造冰由聚丙烯或石蜡等人造材料制成。人造冰的大小和形状很容易控制。人造冰可以反复使用。因此，使用合成冰的模型测试是成本POAC'15特隆赫姆，挪威第23届北极条件下港口和海洋工程国际会议论文集，2015年6月14日至18日，特隆赫姆，挪威

2D model test using synthetic ices have been carried out in order to provide information on ice submerging regarding an icebreaker advancing into level ice. A polypropylene plate has been used for a synthetic ice. The ship was rigidly towed by the carriage and advances in presawn ice with the constant speed. The ice forces and the motions of ice submerging in different ship and ice conditions such as the ship speed and size of the pre-swan ice were measured. The measured data showed the motions and the ice forces of ice submerging depend on the geometrical conditions between the ship and the pre-sawn ice as well as the ship speed. 2D numerical model that enables simulations of ice force on the icebreaker that is advancing into pre-sawn ices were developed by physically based modelling. The contact force and the friction force act on the contact point between ship and ice. Buoyancy and fluid force described by the simple formula were considered as the hydrodynamic force acting on the ice floe. The numerical results are compared with experimental data. The ice force of the ice submerging of the numerical results roughly agreed with the experimental data qualitatively. The influence of the ship and ice conditions on the ice submerging are investigated. The hydrodynamic force induced by the ice submerging are important role to estimate the ice force as well as friction force. INTRODUCTION In order to improve the structural components and maneuverability of the ice-going vessels, it is vital issue to estimate the ice force (pressure) distributions acting on the ship. The model tests and full-scale measurements have been generally used to evaluate the performance and estimate the ice force for the ice-going ships. A local ice force on the hull is implicitly estimated by the structural response derived by the strain gages on the structural members in the full-scale measurement (e.g. Frederking, 2003). The panel censers installed on the outer hull is used to measure the local ice pressure on the hull (e.g. Izumiyama et al., 1999). The data obtained from the full-scaled measurements and the model tests were not enough to investigate the detail of the local ice force due to the limitations of special and time resolution of the measurement system and the cost inefficiency of full-scale measurements and the model tests using the ice tank. The distributions of the local ice force around a ship hull, therefore, have not been fully understood yet. The synthetic ice is alternatively used for model tests in towing tank with instead of the refrigerated ice in the ice tank. The synthetic ice is made of artificial material such as polypropylene or paraffin wax. The size and shape of a synthetic ice can be easily controlled. A synthetic ice can be used repeatedly. Therefore, the model test using synthetic ice is cost POAC’15 Trondheim, Norway Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions June 14-18, 2015 Trondheim, Norway

Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Ice Submerging for Icebreaker with 2D Model Test Using Synthetic Ice

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