Adaptive Evolution in Cities: Progress and Misconceptions
Adaptive Evolution in Cities: Progress and Misconceptions
复制标题
城市的适应性进化：进步与误解
DOI：
10.1016/j.tree.2020.11.002
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
16.8
通讯作者：
Diamond, Sarah E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lambert, Max R.;Brans, Kristien I.;Des Roches, Simone;Donihue, Colin M.;Diamond, Sarah E.
目前的说法表明，城市适应——生物体对城市的适应性进化——在分类群和城市中普遍存在。然而，在对数百项研究的回顾中，我们只发现了6个物种适应城市化的综合例子。我们讨论了研究城市适应的方法的效用和不足。然后，我们回顾了为城市适应提供初步证据的各种系统，并概述了推进其研究的研究计划。城市环境构成了多种多样、相互作用的选择性因素，考验着适应能力的极限。因此，了解城市适应为解决进化生物学的基本问题和更好地保护城市生物多样性提供了独特的机会。然而，利用这些机会需要适当的研究方法和传播准确的叙述。
Current narratives suggest that urban adaptation – the adaptive evolution of organisms to cities – is pervasive across taxa and cities. However, in reviewing hundreds of studies, we find only six comprehensive examples of species adaptively evolving to urbanization. We discuss the utility and shortcomings of methods for studying urban adaptation. We then review diverse systems offering preliminary evidence for urban adaptation and outline a research program for advancing its study. Urban environments constitute diverse, interacting selective agents that test the limits of adaptation. Understanding urban adaptation therefore offers unique opportunities for addressing fundamental questions in evolutionary biology and for better conserving biodiversity in cities. However, capitalizing on these opportunities requires appropriate research methods and dissemination of accurate narratives.