Oral contraceptives and ovarian cancer: an update, 1998-2004
Oral contraceptives and ovarian cancer: an update, 1998-2004
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DOI：
10.1097/01.cej.0000179274.24200.9d
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发表时间：
2006-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
La Vecchia, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
La Vecchia, C
在过去的二十年里，在大多数发达国家，年轻一代的卵巢癌发病率和死亡率一直在下降，在口服避孕药(OC)使用较早的国家，下降幅度最大。队列和病例对照研究的总体估计保护率约为30%，随着使用年限的增加，使用年限约为5%，对于长期(=10年)使用者，保护率约为50%。OC对卵巢癌风险的有利作用在停止使用OC后至少持续20年，而且不限于任何特定类型的OC制剂。在没有或有卵巢癌家族史或遗传易感性的女性以及大多数组织学类型的上皮性卵巢癌中，OC使用者的风险降低，尽管粘液性卵巢癌的风险模式不如其他类型的一致。同样考虑到OC的长期持久性，OC对卵巢癌风险的保护相当于在欧洲每年避免3000-5000例卵巢癌(和2000-3000例死亡)，在北美也有类似的数字。
Over the last two decades, ovarian cancer incidence and mortality for younger generations have been declining in most developed countries, and the decline has been greatest in countries where oral contraceptive (OC) use had spread earlier. The overall estimated protection from cohort and case-control studies is approximately 30% for ever OC users, and increases with duration of use by approximately 5% per year of use to about 50% for long-term (>= 10 years) users. The favourable effect of OC against ovarian cancer risk persists for at least 20 years after OC use has ceased, and it is not confined to any particular type of OC formulation. The reduced risk among OC users is observed in women without or with family history or genetic predisposition to ovarian cancer, and for most histological types of epithelial ovarian cancer, although the pattern of risk is less consistent for mucinous than for other types. The protection of OC on ovarian cancer risk, also in view of its long-term persistence, corresponds to the avoidance of 3000-5000 ovarian cancers (and 2000-3000 deaths) per year in Europe, and a similar figure in North America.