Venusian Cloud Distribution Simulated by a General Circulation Model
Venusian Cloud Distribution Simulated by a General Circulation Model
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DOI：
10.1029/2019je006208
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发表时间：
2020-07
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Ando;M. Takagi;N. Sugimoto;H. Sagawa;Y. Matsuda
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文献类型：
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作者：
H. Ando;M. Takagi;N. Sugimoto;H. Sagawa;Y. Matsuda
我们构建了一个简单的云模型金星大气环流模型（GCM），其中包括可冷凝的气体H2O和H2SO 4蒸汽，硫酸云颗粒的冷凝，蒸发和沉降。在模式中再现的云的纬向平均质量负荷分别在高纬度和中纬度有最大值和最小值。这一纬度分布与红外测量结果一致。厚云是在43-55公里高度的高纬度地区由与低静稳定度层中增强的扰动有关的垂直风形成的。低纬中厚云主要是由平均纬向环流输送H_2SO_4水汽造成的。低纬云的水平分布具有纬向波数1和2结构，随时间变化显著。低纬度云的这些特征将与云层中的大气波有关。由于高纬度低静稳定度层的垂直风扰动，云层中H2O水汽的混合比随纬度的增加而增加。这一纬度趋势与红外测量结果在质量上是一致的。H2SO 4蒸气的混合比在云下层随着纬度的增加而增加，因为大量的云在那里蒸发，这是由于云粒子在极地地区厚的下层云中的沉积。结果表明，低云层中金星云的分布强烈地受波动和/或扰动以及平均纬向环流的影响。
We construct a simple cloud model for a Venus general circulation model (GCM), which includes condensable gases of H2O and H2SO4 vapors, and condensation, evaporation, and sedimentation of sulfuric acid cloud particles. The zonally averaged mass loading of the cloud reproduced in the model takes its maximum and minimum in high and middle latitudes, respectively. This latitudinal distribution is consistent with the infrared measurements. The thick cloud is formed in high latitudes at 43–55 km altitudes by vertical winds associated with disturbances enhanced in the low static stability layer. The moderately thick cloud in low latitudes is attributed mainly to the transport of H2SO4 vapor by the mean meridional circulation. The horizontal cloud distribution in low latitudes has zonal wave numbers 1 and 2 structures, which change in time significantly. These characteristics of the low‐latitude cloud would be associated with atmospheric waves in the cloud layer. The mixing ratio of H2O vapor increases with latitude in the cloud layer due to the vertical wind disturbances in the low static stability layer in high latitudes. This latitudinal trend is qualitatively consistent with the infrared measurements. The mixing ratio of H2SO4 vapor increases with latitude in the subcloud layer because a large amount of the cloud is evaporated there due to the sedimentation of cloud particles in the thick lower cloud in the polar region. The present results suggest that the Venus cloud distribution in the lower cloud layer is strongly affected by waves and/or disturbances as well as the mean meridional circulation.