Global Patterns and Determinants of Sex Differences in Smoking.
Global Patterns and Determinants of Sex Differences in Smoking.
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DOI：
10.1177/0020715206070267
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发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Pampel, Fred C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pampel, Fred C
近几十年来，烟草使用在全球范围内的蔓延引发了人们对男性和女性吸烟相对流行率的质疑。各国的性别平等程度是否促进了卷烟使用的平等？女性香烟使用量的增加是否源于香烟扩散阶段以及男性的早期增加？或者，经济因素和吸烟政策的变化对性别的影响是否有所不同？这项研究使用了106个国家的汇总数据、2000年左右吸烟流行的衡量标准以及性别平等、香烟传播和烟草可获得性的滞后衡量标准来解决这些问题并评估潜在的理论。以记录在册的男女患病率比为因变量，回归结果显示性别平等对女性吸烟的影响相对于男性不一致，卷烟扩散的影响更一致且中等强度，而经济因素的影响较弱。妇女吸食香烟的全球模式似乎与男性的早期吸烟者最密切相关，然后是通过香烟扩散的规律传播。
The worldwide spread of tobacco use in recent decades raises questions about the relative prevalence of smoking among men and women. Does the degree of gender equality in nations promote equality in cigarette use? Does rising use of cigarettes by women stem from the stage of cigarette diffusion and earlier increases among men? Or have changes in economic factors and smoking policy affected the sexes differently? This study uses aggregate data for 106 nations, measures of smoking prevalence circa 2000, and lagged measures of gender equality, cigarette diffusion, and tobacco access to address these questions and evaluate the underlying theories. With the logged ratio of female to male prevalence as the dependent variable, regression results reveal that gender equality has inconsistent effects on women's smoking relative to men, cigarette diffusion has more consistent and moderately strong effects, and economic factors have weak effects. Global patterns of adoption of cigarettes by women appear most closely associated with the early adoption by men and then movement through a regular pattern of cigarette diffusion.