Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sluggish cognitive tempo throughout childhood: temporal invariance and stability from preschool through ninth grade
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sluggish cognitive tempo throughout childhood: temporal invariance and stability from preschool through ninth grade
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DOI：
10.1111/jcpp.12505
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Willcutt, Erik G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leopold, Daniel R.;Christopher, Micaela E.;Willcutt, Erik G.
背景虽然多项横断面研究表明认知克里思迟缓（SCT）和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的症状在统计学上是不同的，但研究还没有在纵向样本中检查SCT的时间稳定性和测量不变性。迄今为止，只有6项研究对SCT进行了纵向评估，最长的研究对SCT进行了为期2年的检查。本研究的总体目标是评估10年的纵向稳定性和因子间关系的ADHD和SCT症状之间的社区样本children. Methodsemotional因素分析被用来评估的时间不变性的ADHD和SCT症状在一个大的人口为基础的纵向样本（早期阅读发展的国际纵向双胞胎研究），包括在学前班和幼儿园后评估的儿童，第一，第二，第四，九年级（n=489）。潜在的自回归模型，然后估计，以评估这些constructs.ResultsResults的稳定性，从学前班到九年级的项目负荷和截距的不变性，以及不变性的因素间的相关性。结果进一步表明，ADHD和SCT在这些年的发展中是高度稳定的，这些症状维度是相关的，但也是可分离的，多动/冲动和SCT与注意力不集中的相关性比彼此更强，并显示出不同的发展轨迹。具体地说，即使存在潜在的单纯形分析，为这些维度的发展稳定性提供支持，线性比较表明，多动/冲动的平均水平随时间下降，注意力不集中的评级通常是稳定的，结论这项研究增加了目前的文献是第一个系统地评估和证明时间的不变性，ADHD和SCT在10年内的稳定性。
BackgroundAlthough multiple cross-sectional studies have shown symptoms of sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to be statistically distinct, studies have yet to examine the temporal stability and measurement invariance of SCT in a longitudinal sample. To date, only six studies have assessed SCT longitudinally, with the longest study examining SCT over a 2-year period. The overall goals of this study were to assess the 10-year longitudinal stability and interfactor relationships of ADHD and SCT symptoms among a community sample of children.MethodsConfirmatory factor analysis was used to assess the temporal invariance of ADHD and SCT symptoms in a large population-based longitudinal sample (International Longitudinal Twin Study of Early Reading Development) that included children assessed at preschool and after kindergarten, first, second, fourth, and ninth grades (n=489). Latent autoregressive models were then estimated to assess the stability of these constructs.ResultsResults demonstrated invariance of item loadings and intercepts from preschool through ninth grades, as well as invariance of interfactor correlations. Results further indicated that both ADHD and SCT are highly stable across these years of development, that these symptom dimensions are related but also separable, and that hyperactivity/impulsivity and SCT are both more strongly correlated with inattention than with each other and show differential developmental trajectories. Specifically, even in the presence of latent simplex analyses providing support for the developmental stability of these dimensions, linear comparisons indicated that that mean levels of hyperactivity/impulsivity decreased with time, inattentive ratings were generally stable, and SCT tended to increase slightly across development.ConclusionsThis study adds to the current literature by being the first to systematically assess and demonstrate the temporal invariance and stability of ADHD and SCT across a span of 10years.