Forest biodiversity in Kordofan Region, Sudan: Effects of climate change, pests, disease and human activity
Forest biodiversity in Kordofan Region, Sudan: Effects of climate change, pests, disease and human activity
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苏丹科尔多凡地区的森林生物多样性：气候变化、害虫、疾病和人类活动的影响
DOI：
10.1080/14888386.2010.9712662
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Abdel Galil Doka Fadlalmula
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. A. El Tahir;Kamal Eldin Mohammed Fadl;Abdel Galil Doka Fadlalmula
摘要本研究旨在评估苏丹科尔多凡地区的森林生物多样性，识别威胁，并提出缓解措施。研究表明，科尔多凡地区有各种各样的森林物种（超过183种树木和灌木），既有本地的，也有外来的。这些物种在该地区的经济中发挥着至关重要的作用。森林提供了几乎所有的能源需求，如木柴和木炭、建筑和建材木材、阿拉伯树胶和其他树胶的销售所得外汇，并成为农村人口非木材森林产品的来源。此外，它们是传统小农农业系统可持续性的关键组成部分。科尔多凡地区森林生物多样性受到多种生物和非生物因素的威胁。最重要的因素包括：干旱;与土壤有关的因素;火灾;放牧;扩大种植（传统和机械化）;非法砍伐木材和其他家庭用途;对毁林问题缺乏认识;造林活动不足;林业推广不足;道路建设。科尔多凡天然林区的许多地方都发生了基因侵蚀。提出了恢复、维持和加强该区域森林生物多样性的措施和活动。应高度优先重视对植被组成变化和遗传侵蚀程度的研究。进一步的努力应从规划保护优先物种和濒危物种开始，然后实施保护计划。
Abstract This study was conducted to assess forest biodiversity in the Sudanese Kordofan Region, identify threats, and suggest alleviation measures. The study revealed that Kordofan region encompasses diverse forestry species (more than 183 trees and shrub species) both indigenous and exotic. These species play a vital role in the economy of the region. They provide almost all the energy needs in terms of firewood and charcoal, timber for construction and building materials, foreign exchange from the sale of gum arabic and other gums and they serve as sources of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) for rural people. Furthermore, they are the key components for the sustainability of the traditional smallholder agricultural systems. Many biotic and abiotic factors threaten forestry biodiversity in Kordofan Region. The most important ones include: drought; soil related factors; fire; grazing; expansion of cultivation (traditional and mechanized); illicit woodcutting for timber and other domestic purposes; lack of awareness of deforestation problems; inadequate aforestation activities; inadequate forestry extension and; road construction. Genetic erosion has occurred in many parts of the natural Kordofan forest ranges. Measures and activities to restore, maintain, and enhance forest biodiversity in the region are suggested. High priority should be given to studies on changes of vegetation composition and extent of genetic erosion. Further effort should start by planning for the conservation of the priority species and the endangered ones and then implementation of conservation plans.