Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and changes in weight and development of obesity among middle-aged women
Relation between changes in intakes of dietary fiber and grain products and changes in weight and development of obesity among middle-aged women
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/78.5.920
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Colditz, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, SM;Willett, WC;Colditz, G
背景：虽然人们普遍建议增加膳食纤维和谷物制品的摄入以保持健康的体重，但人们对粗粮与体重和长期体重变化的关系知之甚少。目的：我们研究了膳食纤维和全谷物或精制谷物产品的摄入量与体重增加之间的关系。设计：在一项前瞻性队列研究中，从1984年到1996年，对74 091名1984年年龄在38-63岁、基线时无已知心血管疾病、癌症和糖尿病的美国女护士进行了随访；他们的饮食习惯分别于1984年、1986年、1990年和1994年通过有效的食物频率问卷进行评估。利用多模型对协变量进行调整，我们根据饮食摄入的变化计算平均体重、体重指数（BMI；单位：kg /m(2)）、长期体重变化以及发生肥胖（BMI大于等于30）的优势比。结果：食用更多全谷物的女性始终比食用较少全谷物的女性体重更轻（P < 0.0001）。在12岁以上，与基线体重、年龄和协变量状态的变化无关，膳食纤维摄入量增加最多的人比膳食纤维摄入量增加最少的人平均少增重1.52 kg （P < 0.0001）。膳食纤维摄入量最高的五分位数的女性体重增加的风险比最高的五分位数的女性低49% （OR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.67；趋势P < 0.0001）。结论：体重增加与摄入高纤维、全谷物食品呈负相关，而与摄入精制谷物食品呈正相关，这表明区分全谷物食品和精制谷物食品对控制体重的重要性。
Background: Although increased consumption of dietary fiber and grain products is widely recommended to maintain healthy body weight, little is known about the relation of whole grains to body weight and long-term weight changes.Objective: We examined the associations between the intakes of dietary fiber and whole- or refined-grain products and weight gain over time.Design: In a prospective cohort study, 74 091 US female nurses, aged 38-63 y in 1984 and free of known cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes at baseline, were followed from 1984 to 1996; their dietary habits were assessed in 1984, 1986, 1990, and 1994 with validated food-frequency questionnaires. Using multiple models to adjust for covariates, we calculated average weight, body mass index (BMI; in kg /m(2)), long-term weight changes, and the odds ratio of developing obesity (BMI greater than or equal to 30) according to change in dietary intake.Results: Women who consumed more whole grains consistently weighed less than did women who consumed less whole grains (P for trend < 0.0001). Over 12 y, those with the greatest increase in intake of dietary fiber gained an average of 1.52 kg less than did those with the smallest increase in intake of dietary fiber (P for trend < 0.0001) independent of body weight at baseline, age, and changes in covariate status. Women in the highest quintile of dietary fiber intake had a 49% lower risk of major weight gain than did women in the highest quintile (OR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.67; P < 0.0001 for trend).Conclusion: Weight gain was inversely associated with the intake of high-fiber, whole-grain foods but positively related to the intake of refined-grain foods, which indicated the importance of distinguishing whole-grain products from refined-grain products to aid in weight control.