A major increase in snake pipefish (Entelurus aequoreus) in northern European seas since 2003: potential implications for seabird breeding success
A major increase in snake pipefish (Entelurus aequoreus) in northern European seas since 2003: potential implications for seabird breeding success
复制标题
自 2003 年以来北欧海域蛇尖鱼 (Entelurus aequoreus) 的大幅增加：对海鸟繁殖成功的潜在影响
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Wanless
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Harris;D. Beare;R. Toresen;L. Nøttestad;M. Kloppmann;H. Dörner;K. Peach;Derek R.A. Rushton;J. Foster;S. Wanless
自 2000 年代初以来，常规鱼类调查记录到东北大西洋的蛇尖鱼（Entelurus aequoreus）数量不断增加。渔民和潜水员也对这种增加发表了评论，海龙已经开始出现在海鸟和其他海洋掠食者的食物中。本文整理了这些不同来源的信息，并评估了蛇尖嘴鱼的现状。我们发现了令人信服的证据，表明从 2003 年左右开始，蛇海龙的数量急剧增加，一直持续到现在（2006 年），并且范围向北扩展至斯匹次卑尔根岛和巴伦支海。自 2004 年以来，在英国沿海、挪威、冰岛和法罗群岛繁殖的多种海鸟的饮食中，蛇尖鱼的记录越来越多。目前缺乏有关蛇尖鱼营养价值的信息，但其坚硬的骨质结构使幼年海鸟难以吞咽，并且有大量幼鸟窒息死亡的记录。因此，就繁殖季节的鸟类捕食者而言，蛇尖鱼数量的增加似乎不太可能提供有用的替代猎物。目前尚不清楚蛇尖鱼数量迅速急剧增加的原因，但此类事件是海洋生态系统的特征，几乎肯定会对食物网动态产生影响。
Since the early 2000s routine fish surveys have recorded increasing numbers of snake pipefish, Entelurus aequoreus, in the northeast Atlantic. Fishermen and divers have also commented on this increase and pipefish have started to appear in the diet of seabirds and other marine predators. This paper collates information from these diverse sources and assesses the current status of snake pipefish. We found compelling evidence of a dramatic increase in the abundance of snake pipefish starting around 2003 and continuing up to the present (2006) and a range expansion northwards to Spitzbergen and the Barents Sea. Since 2004 snake pipefish have been increasingly recorded in the diet of many species of seabird breeding in colonies around the coast of the UK, and in Norway, Iceland and the Faeroe Islands. Information on the nutrient value of snake pipefish is currently lacking but their rigid, bony structure makes them difficult for young seabirds to swallow and there are numerous records of chicks choking to death. Thus, in the case of avian predators during the breeding season, it appears unlikely that increased abundance of snake pipefish will provide a useful alternative prey. The reason for the rapid and dramatic increase in numbers of snake pipefish is currently unclear but such events are characteristic of marine ecosystems and will almost certainly have an effect on food web dynamics.