Flexible gating of contextual influences in natural vision.
Flexible gating of contextual influences in natural vision.
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DOI：
10.1038/nn.4128
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发表时间：
2015-11
影响因子：
25
通讯作者：
Schwartz O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coen-Cagli R;Kohn A;Schwartz O
相同的感官输入在不同的语境中会被感知为截然不同。对简单刺激的神经反应也受到环境的调节，但这种调节对自然感觉输入的处理的贡献尚不清楚。我们测量了自然图像在猕猴初级视觉皮层中的环绕抑制，这是一种典型的背景影响。我们发现，抑制强度变化很大，不同的图像。这种变异性不能很好地解释现有的描述环绕抑制，但它是预测贝叶斯推断的统计依赖关系的图像。在这个框架中，环绕抑制是灵活的：当图像被推断为包含冗余时，它被招募，否则强度会大大降低。因此，我们的研究结果揭示了一个令人惊讶的门控的基本，广泛的皮质计算，推断自然输入的统计数据。
Identical sensory inputs can be perceived as strikingly different when embedded in distinct contexts. Neural responses to simple stimuli are also modulated by context, but the contribution of this modulation to the processing of natural sensory input is unclear. We measured surround suppression, a quintessential contextual influence, in macaque primary visual cortex with natural images. We found suppression strength varied substantially for different images. This variability was not well explained by existing descriptions of surround suppression, but it was predicted by Bayesian inference about statistical dependencies in images. In this framework, surround suppression was flexible: it was recruited when the image was inferred to contain redundancies, and substantially reduced in strength otherwise. Our results thus reveal a surprising gating of a basic, widespread cortical computation, by inference about the statistics of natural input.