Ultra-low-loss tunable piezoelectric-actuated metasurfaces achieving 360° or 180° dynamic phase shift at millimeter-waves.
Ultra-low-loss tunable piezoelectric-actuated metasurfaces achieving 360° or 180° dynamic phase shift at millimeter-waves.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-72874-y
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发表时间：
2020-09-24
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Feresidis A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vassos E;Churm J;Feresidis A
相移超颖表面通常由有序的金属几何结构组成，该金属几何结构被图案化到电介质衬底上并且结合了能够进行动态调谐的有源器件或材料。在毫米波和亚毫米波段的现有方法通常遭受高损耗，其主要由调谐元件或材料的固有限制产生。该报告提出了一种新的超低损耗和相位可调的反射型超颖表面设计，在相移和损耗方面优于先前报道的技术。所提出的技术利用可变的空气腔，形成之间的周期性阵列和接地平面，这是通过压电致动器控制。两个元表面设计和实验测试。首先，正方形贴片元件超颖表面能够在35和65 GHz之间的宽带宽上实现连续的180°相移。还呈现了双交叉元件超颖表面，其在57和62 GHz之间提供完全360°相位控制。可变空气腔由压电致动器控制，压电致动器支撑并改变接地平面的高度，提供高度精确的毫秒级位移。与传统的调谐方法不同，调谐机制（在这种情况下为移动接地层）不会引入额外的损耗源，并且能够实现1 dB的平均损耗性能。全波模拟和实验验证与测量两个超颖表面原型。由于调谐的机电和低损耗性质，所提出的方法可从微波扩展到THz频率。
Phase shifting metasurfaces typically consist of an ordered metallic geometry that is patterned onto a dielectric substrate and incorporate active devices or materials that enable dynamic tuning. Existing methods at mm-wave and submillimeter bands typically suffer from high losses, which are predominantly produced by the inherent limitations of the tuning elements or materials. This report presents a new, ultra-low-loss and phase-tunable, reflection type metasurface design, which outperforms previously reported technologies in terms of phase shifting and loss. The proposed technique utilizes a variable air cavity, formed between a periodic array and a ground plane, which is controlled by means of a piezoelectric actuator. Two metasurface designs are presented and experimentally tested. Firstly, a square patch element metasurface that is capable of achieving a continuous 180° phase shift across a wide bandwidth, between 35 and 65 GHz. Also presented is a double-cross element metasurface that provides full 360° phase control between 57 and 62 GHz. The variable air cavity is controlled by means of a piezoelectric actuator that supports and varies the height of a ground plane, providing highly accurate, millisecond, displacement. Unlike conventional tuning methods, the tuning mechanism, in this case the moving ground plane, introduces no additional sources of loss and enables an average loss performance of 1 dB. Full-wave simulations are presented and experimentally validated with measurements of both metasurface prototypes. The proposed approach is scalable from microwave up to THz frequencies, due to the electro-mechanical and low loss nature of the tuning.
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